wifi 8 ===================== .. toctree:: :maxdepth: 1 :hidden: :includehidden: 802_11bn/802_11bn 802_11bn/mac_functions 802_11bn/mac_timings 802_11bn/packet_formats 802_11bn/power_save 802_11bn/interoperability 802_11bn/physical_rates 802_11bn/ppdu 802_11bn/channels 802_11bn/PHYs 802.11bn is an extension of 802.11n optimized for improved performance and reliability in the 5 GHz band with enhanced MIMO and beamforming features. .. list-table:: :widths: 20 60 20 :header-rows: 1 * - Category - Description - Use Case * - MAC Functions - Core MAC layer responsibilities like frame delimiting, addressing, error checking, enhanced for 802.11bn’s improved 5 GHz band performance. - Managing reliable and efficient wireless communication with MIMO and beamforming support. * - MAC Timings - Timing parameters like SIFS, DIFS, backoff timers adapted for 802.11bn to optimize 5 GHz medium access. - Coordination of medium access and collision avoidance in dense 5 GHz networks. * - Packet Formats - Structure of 802.11bn frames including enhancements over 802.11n for improved throughput and reliability. - Frame parsing and network management in high-performance WLANs. * - Power Save - Advanced power saving mechanisms allowing devices to efficiently enter low power modes without sacrificing performance. - Extending battery life in mobile devices using 5 GHz Wi-Fi. * - Interoperability - Compatibility mechanisms with other 802.11 standards and vendors, especially for dual-band and backward compatibility. - Seamless multi-vendor, multi-standard network operation in 2.4 and 5 GHz bands. * - Physical Rates - Supported data rates and modulation schemes of 802.11bn, with enhanced MIMO and beamforming for higher throughput. - Flexible throughput options and efficient spectrum use in 5 GHz band. * - PPDU - Physical Protocol Data Unit format including preamble and data fields optimized for 802.11bn’s enhanced PHY layer. - Synchronization and efficient data transmission in high-speed 5 GHz wireless links. * - Channels - Operates in sub-1 GHz ISM bands (e.g., 900 MHz) with narrow channel bandwidths for extended range. - Effective spectrum utilization for long-range IoT deployments and regulatory compliance * - PHY Overview - Physical layer optimized for low-power wide-area network (LPWAN) style communication using OFDM or single-carrier modulation. - Reliable long-range wireless connectivity with improved interference resilience .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: 802.11bn **Standard:** Vendor-specific / Not officially standardized **Main Features:** - Often refers to enhanced dual-band operation combining 802.11b and 802.11n features - May support extended throughput improvements on legacy hardware - Vendor-defined optimizations for backward compatibility - Typically includes enhancements for IoT or embedded device connectivity **Use Cases:** - Legacy devices requiring dual-band support - Embedded systems with mixed 802.11b/n compatibility - Niche or proprietary network environments **Notes:** - Not an official IEEE 802.11 standard - Implementation varies significantly by vendor - Documentation is often limited or proprietary .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: What You Will Learn in This Section **Understand the vendor-specific nuances and applications of 802.11bn:** * :ref:`Learnings in this section <802_11bn_step1>` * :ref:`Terminology <802_11bn_step2>` * :ref:`Version Info <802_11bn_step3>` * :ref:`802_11bn Version&IEEE Details <802_11bn_step4>` * :ref:`802_11bn Basic Setup on Ubuntu using IPv4 <802_11bn_step5>` * :ref:`802_11bn Basic Setup on Ubuntu using IPv6 <802_11bn_step6>` * :ref:`Reference links <802_11bn_step16>` .. button-link:: ./802_11bn/802_11bn.html :color: primary :shadow: :expand: Jump to "802.11bn Basics" .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: 802.11bn MAC Functions **Standard:** IEEE 802.11bn (Draft / Emerging Standard) **Main Features:** - Enhances MAC efficiency for high throughput wireless communication - Supports MU-MIMO (Multi-User Multiple Input Multiple Output) - Manages frame delimiting, addressing, and error detection over 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz bands - Handles improved retransmission mechanisms and aggregation techniques - Implements advanced QoS features and improved power management - Coordinates access to the shared wireless medium using enhanced CSMA/CA algorithms **Use Cases:** - Delivering high-speed wireless connectivity in dense environments - Supporting simultaneous data streams to multiple clients - Enabling efficient wireless medium access in next-gen WLANs - Enhancing multimedia streaming with better QoS controls **Related Functions:** - Frame aggregation and block acknowledgment - Enhanced sequence control and scheduling - Advanced error detection and correction mechanisms - Power-saving protocols optimized for 802.11bn .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: What You Will Learn in This Section **Explore the details of 802.11bn MAC Functions:** * :ref:`Reference links ` .. button-link:: ./802_11bn/mac_functions.html :color: primary :shadow: :expand: Jump to "802.11bn MAC Functions" .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: 802.11bn MAC Timings **Standard:** IEEE 802.11bn (Draft / Emerging Standard) **Main Features:** - Defines timing parameters optimized for high throughput in dense environments - Includes Interframe Spaces (SIFS, DIFS, AIFS) adapted for MU-MIMO and aggregation - Specifies slot times and contention window sizes for enhanced CSMA/CA backoff - Ensures collision avoidance and fair medium access in 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz bands - Manages timing for retransmissions, acknowledgments, and block ACK mechanisms - Synchronizes MAC and PHY layers for efficient, low-latency wireless communication **Use Cases:** - Coordinating transmission timing for next-gen WLANs - Reducing collisions and optimizing throughput with improved timing parameters - Supporting Quality of Service (QoS) and MU-MIMO operation timing **Related Timing Parameters:** - Short Interframe Space (SIFS) - Distributed Interframe Space (DIFS) - Arbitration Interframe Space (AIFS) - Slot time and backoff timers optimized for 802.11bn .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: What You Will Learn in This Section **Explore the details of 802.11bn MAC Timings:** * :ref:`Reference links ` .. button-link:: ./802_11bn/mac_timings.html :color: primary :shadow: :expand: Jump to "802.11bn MAC Timings" .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: 802.11bn Packet Formats **Standard:** IEEE 802.11bn (Draft / Emerging Standard) **Main Features:** - Defines the structure of MAC and PHY layer frames used in 802.11bn - Includes Frame Control, Duration, Address fields, Sequence Control, and CRC - Supports data frames, management frames, and control frames with enhancements for high throughput - Uses advanced OFDM and aggregation techniques at the PHY layer for faster transmission - Frame formats support addressing, QoS, MU-MIMO, and security features - Allows fragmentation and reassembly optimized for larger and aggregated packets **Use Cases:** - Structuring wireless packets for next-gen communication in 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz WLANs - Ensuring proper delivery, acknowledgment, and retransmission of high-throughput data - Enabling interoperability between devices through standardized and enhanced frame formats **Related Frame Types:** - Management frames (e.g., Beacon, Probe Request) - Control frames (e.g., Block ACK, RTS, CTS) - Data frames (with QoS and MU-MIMO support) .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: What You Will Learn in This Section **Explore the details of 802.11bn Packet Formats:** * :ref:`Reference links ` .. button-link:: ./802_11bn/packet_formats.html :color: primary :shadow: :expand: Jump to "802.11bn Packet Formats" .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: 802.11bn Power Saving Mechanisms **Standard:** IEEE 802.11bn (Draft / Emerging Standard) **Main Features:** - Supports advanced Power Save Mode (PSM) optimized for high throughput scenarios - Clients enter sleep states and wake periodically to receive buffered data with reduced latency - AP buffers frames for sleeping stations and indicates buffered data in beacon and TIM frames - Uses Delivery Traffic Indication Message (DTIM) and optimized signaling for multicast/broadcast delivery - Enhances battery life for mobile, IoT, and portable Wi-Fi devices with improved power coordination - Works with MAC and PHY layers to coordinate efficient sleep and wake cycles in dense networks **Use Cases:** - Extending battery life of Wi-Fi enabled mobile devices in dense, high-throughput WLANs - Reducing power consumption in IoT and embedded devices supporting 802.11bn - Balancing wireless network performance with power efficiency for next-gen WLANs **Related Mechanisms:** - Beacon frame scheduling and DTIM/TIM field enhancements - Client wake-up and sleep signaling optimized for MU-MIMO and aggregation - Power management coordination across MAC and PHY layers .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: What You Will Learn in This Section **Explore the details of 802.11bn Power Saving mechanisms:** * :ref:`Reference links ` .. button-link:: ./802_11bn/power_save.html :color: primary :shadow: :expand: Jump to "802.11bn Power Saving" .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: 802.11bn Interoperability **Standard:** IEEE 802.11bn (Draft / Emerging Standard) **Main Features:** - Ensures compatibility between devices from different vendors using 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz bands - Supports backward compatibility with legacy 802.11 standards (e.g., 802.11a/b/g/n/ac) via dual-band/multi-band devices - Defines common frame formats, signaling, and timing to facilitate seamless communication - Implements enhanced clear channel assessment (CCA) and advanced CSMA/CA for medium access coordination - Uses standardized management and control frames for association, roaming, and MU-MIMO coordination - Facilitates coexistence with other wireless technologies and mitigates interference in overlapping frequency bands **Use Cases:** - Enabling multi-vendor Wi-Fi deployments in enterprise, consumer, and dense environments - Supporting seamless handoff and roaming in heterogeneous Wi-Fi networks - Allowing mixed 802.11 standard networks to operate without interference and with optimized performance **Related Mechanisms:** - Management frame interoperability enhancements - Frequency band coordination and coexistence mechanisms - Standardized PHY and MAC layer procedures optimized for 802.11bn .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: What You Will Learn in This Section **Explore the details of 802.11bn Interoperability mechanisms:** .. button-link:: ./802_11bn/interoperability.html :color: primary :shadow: :expand: Jump to "802.11bn Interoperability" .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: 802.11bn Physical Rates **Standard:** IEEE 802.11bn (Draft / Emerging Standard) **Main Features:** - Supports multiple physical layer data rates significantly higher than legacy standards - Utilizes advanced Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) and MIMO modulation techniques - Provides selectable data rates adapted for MU-MIMO and channel aggregation - Dynamically adapts rates based on signal quality, interference, and channel conditions - Uses 20 MHz and wider channel bandwidths in 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz frequency bands - Enables much higher throughput and better spectrum efficiency for dense networks **Use Cases:** - High-speed wireless networking in dense enterprise, home, and IoT environments - Multimedia streaming, gaming, and low-latency applications over Wi-Fi - Wireless backhaul, bridging, and mesh networking applications **Related Concepts:** - Rate adaptation and beamforming algorithms - Modulation and coding schemes (MCS) optimized for MU-MIMO - Channel bonding, spectrum management, and dynamic frequency selection (DFS) .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: What You Will Learn in This Section **Explore the details of 802.11bn Physical Rates:** * :ref:`physical_rates in 802.11bn ` * :ref:`Reference links ` .. button-link:: ./802_11bn/physical_rates.html :color: primary :shadow: :expand: Jump to "802.11bn Physical Rates" .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: 802.11bn PPDU **Standard:** IEEE 802.11bn (Draft / Emerging Standard) **Main Features:** - Defines the Physical Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) structure for 802.11bn - Includes an enhanced preamble for improved synchronization and channel estimation - Contains SIGNAL and HE-SIG fields specifying data rate, length, and multi-user information - Payload carries the MAC frame encoded with advanced OFDMA and MU-MIMO modulation - Supports higher data rates with adaptive modulation and coding schemes - Enables reliable and efficient wireless data transmission across 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz bands **Use Cases:** - Ensuring proper encapsulation of data for transmission over 802.11bn PHY - Synchronization between transmitter and receiver in high throughput environments - Facilitating robust, low-latency, and efficient wireless communication **Related Concepts:** - OFDM/OFDMA symbol structure - Service field, tail bits, and multi-user signaling - Channel coding, interleaving, and beamforming techniques .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: What You Will Learn in This Section **Explore the details of 802.11bn PPDU:** * :ref:`Reference links ` .. button-link:: ./802_11bn/ppdu.html :color: primary :shadow: :expand: Jump to "802.11bn PPDU" .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: 802.11bn Channels **Standard:** IEEE 802.11bn (Wi-Fi 8 - draft / upcoming) **Main Features:** - Expected to operate in 6 GHz and possibly new frequency bands with wider channel bandwidths beyond 320 MHz - Designed for extremely high throughput and ultra-low latency communications - Enhanced support for multi-link operation (MLO) with improved coordination and load balancing - Incorporates advanced OFDMA, MU-MIMO, and novel modulation schemes (e.g., 4096-QAM) - Improved spectrum efficiency with dynamic channel access and interference mitigation - Focused on future-proofing wireless networks for AR/VR, holographic communications, and dense IoT deployments **Use Cases:** - Next-gen immersive multimedia (AR/VR/XR) and holographic data streaming - Ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC) in industrial and healthcare settings - High-capacity networks in dense urban and enterprise environments **Related Concepts:** - Advanced Multi-Link Operation (MLO) with seamless handoff - Extended OFDMA and spatial reuse techniques - Support for extremely wide channels and novel modulation/coding schemes .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: What You Will Learn in This Section **Explore the details of 802.11bn Channels:** * :ref:`List of channels ` * :ref:`List of channel widths ` * :ref:`List of Bands ` * :ref:`Reference links ` .. button-link:: ./802_11bn/channels.html :color: primary :shadow: :expand: Jump to "802.11bn Channels" .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: 802.11bn PHY **Standard:** IEEE 802.11bn (upcoming Wi-Fi 8) **Main Features:** - Employs advanced multi-link operation (MLO) combining multiple frequency bands - Uses enhanced OFDMA with flexible subcarrier spacing for improved spectral efficiency - Supports higher-order modulation schemes up to 4096-QAM for ultra-high throughput - Incorporates advanced coding techniques such as LDPC and improved forward error correction - Designed for extremely wide channel bandwidths (up to 320 MHz and beyond) - Operates across 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, and 6 GHz bands with seamless band aggregation **Use Cases:** - Ultra-high throughput wireless networks for AR/VR, holographic communications - Low-latency, reliable communication for industrial automation and healthcare - High-density deployments requiring advanced interference mitigation **Related Concepts:** - Multi-Link Operation (MLO) and spatial reuse - Advanced modulation and coding schemes (4096-QAM, LDPC) - Enhanced preamble formats and synchronization for high efficiency .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: What You Will Learn in This Section **Explore the details of 802.11bn PHY:** * :ref:`Reference links ` .. button-link:: ./802_11bn/PHYs.html :color: primary :shadow: :expand: Jump to "802.11bn PHY"