802.11d - Basics ===================== .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **What is IEEE 802.11d?** IEEE 802.11d is an amendment to the IEEE 802.11 standard that adds support for additional regulatory domains, enabling Wi-Fi operation in countries with different frequency and power requirements. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **Why was 802.11d introduced?** It was introduced to ensure wireless devices can legally and effectively operate in regions outside the original 802.11 specification (mainly the U.S.). .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **What is the purpose of 802.11d?** Its main purpose is to provide country-specific regulatory information so devices can adjust their frequency usage, power levels, and channel availability accordingly. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **How does 802.11d work?** 802.11d works by including country information in the beacon and probe response frames, allowing clients to adjust to local regulations. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **What are beacon frames in 802.11d?** Beacon frames broadcast the country code and regulatory information, enabling client devices to adapt automatically. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **What is a country code in 802.11d?** It’s a two-letter ISO code (like US, IN, JP) embedded in frames to tell devices which rules to follow. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **Is 802.11d mandatory?** It's mandatory for devices operating in certain countries that require strict adherence to local frequency regulations. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **Does 802.11d affect performance?** Not directly. It simply ensures legal operation by configuring devices according to regional rules. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **What is the relationship between 802.11d and 802.11a/b/g?** 802.11d is an enhancement for regulatory compliance and works alongside other standards like 802.11a, b, or g. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **Can 802.11d operate in 5 GHz?** Originally designed for 2.4 GHz, it was later extended to support 5 GHz as part of newer amendments. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **How is 802.11d useful in international travel?** It allows Wi-Fi devices to auto-adjust settings when moving between countries to remain compliant. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **Which devices support 802.11d?** Most modern Wi-Fi access points and client devices support it by default for global compatibility. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **Is 802.11d relevant for IoT devices?** Yes, especially when deploying IoT devices in various countries with differing spectrum regulations. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **How do devices interpret 802.11d information?** Clients receive the country code and regulatory info in beacon or probe responses and adjust channels and power accordingly. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **Is 802.11d used alone?** No, it complements other physical and MAC layer standards, ensuring regulatory compliance on top of normal operations. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **Does disabling 802.11d cause issues?** It can cause regulatory violations or operational problems in countries requiring its use. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **Is 802.11d still relevant today?** Yes, particularly for global product distribution and international Wi-Fi compliance. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **Does 802.11d impact channel selection?** Yes, it restricts channels to those allowed in the region specified by the country code. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **How is 802.11d configured?** It's usually auto-enabled in access points and handled automatically in most client devices. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **What’s the regulatory domain?** It refers to the country-specific rules for Wi-Fi operation defined by governmental bodies like the FCC or ETSI. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **Does 802.11d work with DFS (Dynamic Frequency Selection)?** Yes, in many implementations it complements DFS by ensuring legal frequency use before applying dynamic selection. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **Can 802.11d be disabled?** It can be disabled, but that may restrict device operation in some regions or cause non-compliance. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **What happens if 802.11d is not supported?** The device may not connect or could violate local RF regulations in countries requiring it. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **How does 802.11d affect roaming?** It helps roaming devices adjust to the local RF environment for compliant operation. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **Is 802.11d implemented in software or hardware?** Usually implemented in firmware or software in wireless chipsets and access points. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow Topics in this section, * :ref:`Learnings in this section <802_11d_step1>` * :ref:`Terminology <802_11d_step2>` * :ref:`Version Info <802_11d_step3>` * :ref:`802_11d Version & IEEE Details <802_11d_step4>` * :ref:`802_11d Basic Setup on Ubuntu using IPv4 <802_11d_step5>` * :ref:`802_11d Basic Setup on Ubuntu using IPv6 <802_11d_step6>` * :ref:`Reference links <802_11d_step16>` .. _802_11d_step1: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: Learnings in this section * In this section, you are going to learn .. _802_11d_step2: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: Terminology * Terminology .. _802_11d_step3: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: Version Info * Version Info .. _802_11d_step4: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: 802.11d Version&RFC Details * rfc details .. _802_11d_step5: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: 802.11d Basic Setup on Ubuntu using IPv4 * setup .. _802_11d_step6: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: 802.11d Basic Setup on Ubuntu using IPv6 * setup .. _802_11d_step16: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: Reference links * Reference links