802.11i MAC Timings
=======================


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        **What are MAC timings in IEEE 802.11i?**

        MAC timings define intervals for frame transmissions, acknowledgments, and security handshakes ensuring smooth, secure communication.

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        **How does 802.11i affect standard MAC timing parameters?**

        It retains timings like SIFS, DIFS but incorporates timing for security handshakes such as the 4-way handshake.

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        **What is the impact of 802.11i on the 4-way handshake timing?**

        The handshake occurs within defined MAC timing constraints to minimize connection delays while ensuring security.

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        **Are there additional timers introduced by 802.11i?**

        Yes, timers govern key management retries and handshake timeouts to maintain security session integrity.

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        **How do MAC timings help prevent replay attacks in 802.11i?**

        Timing windows and sequence number validation prevent replayed frames within specified intervals.

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        **Does 802.11i affect the timing for acknowledgments (ACK)?**

        ACK timing remains consistent but is secured to confirm encrypted frame receipt.

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        **How are retransmission timers managed in 802.11i?**

        Retransmission timers ensure encrypted frames are resent promptly if no acknowledgment is received.

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        **What role do timers play in Protected Management Frames (PMF)?**

        Timers regulate retransmissions and response windows for secure management frame exchanges.

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        **How is the timing for group key updates handled?**

        Group key update intervals are managed to ensure synchronized encryption keys across devices.

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        **Does 802.11i influence power-save related timing?**

        Yes, power-save delivery timing accounts for security handshakes and frame encryption/decryption.

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        **How does MAC timing coordination support fast roaming in 802.11i?**

        Timing parameters ensure quick re-authentication and key exchanges during roaming.

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        **Are timing parameters configurable in 802.11i?**

        Some timing values can be adjusted by vendors but must comply with standard minimums for interoperability.

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        **How does MAC timing affect encryption processing latency?**

        Timing ensures encryption and decryption happen within slots to maintain throughput without delay.

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        **What happens if timing constraints are violated during handshake?**

        The handshake may time out, requiring retransmission or renegotiation to maintain security.

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        **How are timing parameters standardized for interoperability?**

        They follow IEEE 802.11 MAC timing specifications augmented with 802.11i security processes.

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        **Do timing parameters affect latency in secure communications?**

        Yes, security-related timing can introduce minimal latency but is optimized to minimize impact.

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        **How are timing mechanisms tested for compliance in 802.11i?**

        Through certification labs verifying handshake timing, retransmission intervals, and response times.

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        **Does 802.11i MAC timing support future security protocol enhancements?**

        Yes, the timing framework is extensible to support evolving security mechanisms.

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        Topics in this section,

                * :ref:`Reference links <mac_timings_i_step17>`

.. _mac_timings_i_step17:

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    .. tab-item:: Reference links

       * Reference links