List of PPDUs Supported in 802.11k ======================================== .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **What is a PPDU in 802.11k?** The Physical Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) is the format of the data transmitted over the wireless medium in 802.11k networks. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **How does 802.11k use PPDU?** 802.11k uses the PPDU structure defined by the base 802.11 standards with additional information elements for radio measurements. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **Does 802.11k define a new PPDU format?** No, 802.11k inherits the PPDU format from existing 802.11 standards (a/b/g/n) but includes measurement frames within MAC payloads. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **What types of frames are carried inside PPDU in 802.11k?** Data frames, management frames, and special Radio Measurement frames are carried inside the PPDU. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **What is the role of the PPDU preamble in 802.11k?** The preamble provides synchronization and signaling information for the receiver before the main data payload. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **How does 802.11k ensure reliable transmission in PPDU?** It uses modulation, coding schemes, and retransmission mechanisms inherited from base 802.11 standards. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **Are there any special PPDU fields for 802.11k Radio Measurements?** No special PPDU fields, but measurement reports are carried inside MAC layer frames within the PPDU. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **What modulation schemes are used in 802.11k PPDUs?** Modulation schemes (e.g., BPSK, QPSK, QAM) depend on the underlying PHY standard used by the 802.11k device. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **What frequency bands do 802.11k PPDUs operate on?** 802.11k operates on 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz bands, using PPDUs defined by the corresponding PHY layers. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **How are QoS features handled in 802.11k PPDUs?** QoS is managed by the MAC layer and reflected in the PPDU payload, using mechanisms such as EDCA. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **What is the maximum PPDU length in 802.11k?** The maximum PPDU length follows limits set by the underlying 802.11 PHY standard (typically up to 4 ms transmission time). .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **Can 802.11k measurement frames be aggregated in one PPDU?** Yes, frame aggregation techniques like A-MPDU and A-MSDU can be used to send multiple measurement frames efficiently. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **Does 802.11k affect the timing of PPDU transmission?** No, PPDU timing is controlled by the base PHY/MAC standards; 802.11k adds measurement content but not timing changes. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **What is the typical PPDU data rate used in 802.11k?** Data rates vary widely depending on PHY capabilities, environment, and modulation used. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **How does 802.11k handle error control in PPDU?** Error detection and correction are handled by PHY layer coding and MAC layer acknowledgments. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **Are measurement requests sent within the PPDU?** Yes, measurement request frames are sent inside the PPDU payload at the MAC layer. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **How are measurement reports delivered in 802.11k?** Reports are encapsulated inside MAC frames transmitted within PPDUs. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **Does 802.11k modify PPDU header fields?** No, PPDU header fields remain as specified by the underlying PHY standard. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **Can 802.11k PPDUs coexist with legacy 802.11 devices?** Yes, 802.11k uses standard PPDU formats ensuring backward compatibility. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow **What is the relationship between PPDU and MAC frames in 802.11k?** PPDU carries MAC frames including measurement requests and reports, enabling radio resource management. .. panels:: :container: container pb-4 :column: col-lg-12 p-2 :card: shadow Topics in this section, * :ref:`Reference links ` .. _ppdu_k_step17: .. tab-set:: .. tab-item:: Reference links * Reference links