NFS - Network File System
What is NFS?
NFS (Network File System) is a distributed file system protocol originally developed by Sun Microsystems in 1984. It allows a user on a client computer to access files over a network in the same way they would access local storage.
Why is NFS useful?
Remote File Access – Enables users to access files stored on remote servers as if they were local.
Centralized Storage – Simplifies data management by storing files in one place and sharing them across multiple clients.
Platform Independence – Works across different operating systems (e.g., Linux, UNIX, macOS).
Scalability – Suitable for small networks to large enterprise environments.
Transparent Integration – Seamlessly integrates with existing file systems and user workflows.
How it works?
Server Setup – The NFS server exports directories to be shared over the network.
Client Mounting – The client mounts the exported directory using the NFS protocol.
File Access – The client reads/writes files as if they were on a local disk.
RPC Communication – NFS uses Remote Procedure Calls (RPC) to communicate between client and server.
Caching & Locking – Clients may cache data and use file locking mechanisms to manage concurrent access.
Security & Permissions – Access is controlled using export rules, user IDs, and optionally Kerberos authentication.
Unmounting – The client can unmount the NFS share when access is no longer needed.
Where is NFS used?
Enterprise Networks – For centralized file storage and sharing across departments.
Data Centers – To provide shared access to configuration files, logs, and backups.
High-Performance Computing (HPC) – For sharing large datasets across compute nodes.
Virtualization Environments – Used by hypervisors to access VM images and ISO files.
Educational Institutions – For shared access to course materials and user directories.
Which OSI Layer does this protocol belong to?
Data Representation – NFS ensures consistent file formats and encoding across different systems.
Data Translation – Converts data between different machine architectures (e.g., big-endian vs little-endian).
Syntax Negotiation – Handles file naming conventions and data structure alignment across platforms.
Therefore, NFS operates mainly at the Presentation Layer (Layer 6) of the OSI model.
Topics in this section,
In this section, you are going to learn
Terminology
Version Info
NFS |
RFC |
Year |
Core Idea / Contribution |
|---|---|---|---|
Version |
|||
NFSv2 |
|||
RFC 1094 |
1989 |
First widely adopted version; stateless protocol using UDP; limited file size support. |
|
NFSv3 |
|||
RFC 1813 |
1995 |
Added support for 64-bit file sizes, asynchronous writes, and improved performance; still stateless. |
|
NFSv4 |
|||
RFC 7530 |
2015 |
Introduced stateful protocol, strong security (Kerberos), file locking, compound operations, and internationalization |
|
NFSv4.1 |
|||
RFC 5661 |
2010 |
Added Parallel NFS (pNFS) for scalable data access and session-based communication. |
|
NFSv4.2 |
|||
RFC 7862 |
2016 |
Introduced server-side copy, sparse files, application I/O hints, and space reservation. |
setup
setup
TCP Connection Establishment Packet
S.No |
Protocol Packets |
Description |
Size(bytes) |
|---|---|---|---|
1 |
TCP Connection Establishment |
NFS typically runs over TCP (port 2049) or UDP for older versions |
TCP header: 2060 |
Source Port |
Port of the client |
2 |
|
Destination Port |
Usually 2049 (NFS server) |
2 |
|
Sequence Number |
TCP sequence tracking |
4 |
|
Acknowledgment Number |
Acknowledges received data |
4 |
|
Flags |
SYN, ACK, etc. |
1 |
|
Window Size |
Flow control |
2 |
|
Checksum |
Error checking |
2 |
|
Options (optional) |
TCP options |
Variable |
|
RPC Call Packet
S.No |
Protocol Packets |
Description |
Size(bytes) |
|---|---|---|---|
2 |
RPC Call Packet |
NFS uses Remote Procedure Call (RPC) to request file operations |
Variable |
XID |
Transaction ID |
4 |
|
Message Type |
0 = Call, 1 = Reply |
4 |
|
RPC Version |
Typically 2 |
4 |
|
Program Number |
100003 for NFS |
4 |
|
Program Version |
NFS version (e.g., 3 or 4) |
4 |
|
Procedure Number |
Operation (e.g., READ = 6, WRITE = 8) |
4 |
|
Credentials |
Auth info (e.g., AUTH_SYS) |
Variable |
|
NFS File Operation Packet
S.No |
Protocol Packets |
Description |
Size(bytes) |
|---|---|---|---|
3 |
NFS File Operation Packet |
Contains specific file operation data (e.g., READ, WRITE, LOOKUP) |
Variable |
File Handle |
Unique identifier for the file |
Variable |
|
Offset |
Byte offset for read/write |
8 |
|
Count |
Number of bytes to read/write |
4 |
|
Data |
Actual file data (for WRITE) |
Variable |
|
RPC Reply Packet
S.No |
Protocol Packets |
Description |
Size(bytes) |
|---|---|---|---|
4 |
RPC Reply Packet |
Server response to an RPC call |
Variable |
XID |
Matches the request |
4 |
|
Message Type |
1 = Reply |
4 |
|
Reply State |
Accepted or Denied |
4 |
|
Verifier |
Auth verifier |
Variable |
|
Status Code |
Success or error code |
4 |
|
Result Data |
File attributes, read data, etc. |
Variable |
|
NFS Session Termination Packet
S.No |
Protocol Packets |
Description |
Size(bytes) |
|---|---|---|---|
5 |
NFS Session Termination |
TCP FIN or RST used to close the session |
TCP header: 2060 |
FIN/RST |
TCP flag bits used to close the connection |
1 bit each |
s.no |
Use Case |
Description |
|---|---|---|
1 |
Centralized File Storage |
NFS allows multiple clients to access files from a central server, simplifying data management. |
2 |
Home Directory Sharing |
User home directories can be stored on an NFS server and accessed from any client machine. |
3 |
Diskless Workstations |
Enables booting and running systems without local storage by mounting root filesystems over NFS. |
4 |
Data Sharing Across Platforms |
Facilitates file sharing between different operating systems (e.g., Linux, UNIX). |
5 |
Backup and Archiving |
Centralized storage makes it easier to back up and archive data from multiple clients. |
6 |
High-Performance Computing (HPC) |
Used in clusters to provide shared access to large datasets and software libraries. |
7 |
Virtualization Environments |
NFS is used to store VM images and ISO files accessible by hypervisors like VMware or KVM. |
8 |
Application Data Hosting |
Applications can store and retrieve data from a shared NFS mount, ensuring consistency. |
9 |
Media and Content Servers |
Ideal for streaming or serving large media files across a network. |
10 |
Development Environments |
Developers can share codebases and tools across systems using NFS mounts. |
S.no |
Feature |
Description |
|---|---|---|
1 |
File Sharing |
Allows multiple clients to access and share files over a network. |
2 |
Transparency |
Users access remote files as if they are on the local system. |
3 |
Stateless Protocol (v2/v3) |
Server does not maintain client state, simplifying recovery and scalability. |
4 |
Stateful Protocol (v4) |
Maintains session state for improved performance and features like locking. |
5 |
Platform Independence |
Works across different operating systems (e.g., Linux, UNIX, macOS). |
6 |
Mounting |
Remote directories can be mounted locally, integrating them into the file system. |
7 |
Security |
Supports authentication methods like AUTH_SYS, Kerberos (NFSv4), and ACLs. |
8 |
File Locking |
NFSv4 supports built-in file locking mechanisms to prevent conflicts. |
9 |
Caching |
Clients cache file data to reduce server load and improve performance. |
10 |
Asynchronous Writes |
Improves performance by allowing clients to write data without waiting for server acknowledgment. |
File Sharing - Testcases
# |
Test Case |
Description |
Expected Result |
|---|---|---|---|
1 |
Mount NFS Share |
Mount NFS share on client |
Share is mounted successfully |
2 |
File Creation |
Create file on NFS share |
File is created and visible |
3 |
File Read |
Read file from NFS share |
File content is displayed correctly |
4 |
File Write |
Modify file on NFS share |
Changes are saved |
5 |
File Delete |
Delete file from NFS share |
File is removed |
6 |
Concurrent Access |
Access file from multiple clients |
No data corruption |
7 |
File Locking |
Lock file from one client |
Other clients are restricted |
8 |
Permission Enforcement |
Access file with restricted permissions |
Access denied |
9 |
Directory Creation |
Create directory on NFS share |
Directory is created |
10 |
Directory Deletion |
Delete directory from NFS share |
Directory is removed |
11 |
Symbolic Link Handling |
Create and access symlink |
Link works as expected |
12 |
Large File Transfer |
Copy large file to NFS share |
File is copied and accessible |
13 |
File Rename |
Rename file on NFS share |
File is renamed |
14 |
File Move |
Move file within NFS share |
File is moved |
15 |
File Timestamp Update |
Modify file and check timestamp |
Timestamp is updated |
16 |
File Ownership Change |
Change file owner |
Ownership is updated |
17 |
File Group Change |
Change file group |
Group is updated |
18 |
File Access Logging |
Enable logging and access file |
Access is logged |
19 |
File Access After Reboot |
Reboot client and access file |
File is accessible |
20 |
File Access After Server Reboot |
Reboot server and access file |
File is accessible |
21 |
File Access Over VPN |
Access NFS share via VPN |
File is accessible |
22 |
File Access Over VLAN |
Access NFS share across VLAN |
File is accessible (if routed) |
23 |
File Access Over Wi-Fi |
Access NFS share over wireless |
File is accessible |
24 |
File Access Over Ethernet |
Access NFS share over wired |
File is accessible |
25 |
File Access With Firewall |
Block NFS port and try access |
Access fails |
26 |
File Access With SELinux |
Enable SELinux and access file |
Access depends on policy |
27 |
File Access With AppArmor |
Enable AppArmor and access file |
Access depends on profile |
28 |
File Access With ACLs |
Set ACLs and access file |
Access follows ACL rules |
29 |
File Access With Root User |
Access file as root |
Access granted |
30 |
File Access With Normal User |
Access file as normal user |
Access based on permissions |
31 |
File Access With Read-Only Mount |
Mount share as read-only |
Write operations fail |
32 |
File Access With Read-Write Mount |
Mount share as read-write |
Write operations succeed |
33 |
File Access With Noexec Option |
Mount with noexec and run script |
Execution fails |
34 |
File Access With Sync Option |
Mount with sync option |
Writes are synchronous |
35 |
File Access With Async Option |
Mount with async option |
Writes are asynchronous |
36 |
File Access With Soft Mount |
Mount with soft option and disconnect server |
Operation times out |
37 |
File Access With Hard Mount |
Mount with hard option and disconnect server |
Operation hangs until server returns |
38 |
File Access With Autofs |
Use autofs to mount NFS share |
Share is mounted on access |
39 |
File Access With fstab |
Configure fstab and reboot |
Share is mounted automatically |
40 |
File Access With Kerberos |
Use Kerberos-secured NFS |
Access requires valid ticket |
41 |
File Access With Anonymous User |
Access file as anonymous user |
Access based on export settings |
42 |
File Access With Export Options |
Use different export options |
Behavior matches export configuration |
43 |
File Access With Subnet Restriction |
Restrict access to subnet |
Only allowed subnet can access |
44 |
File Access With Host Restriction |
Restrict access to specific host |
Only allowed host can access |
45 |
File Access With NFSv3 |
Use NFS version 3 |
File operations succeed |
46 |
File Access With NFSv4 |
Use NFS version 4 |
File operations succeed |
47 |
File Access With NFSv4.1 |
Use NFS version 4.1 |
File operations succeed |
48 |
File Access With NFSv4.2 |
Use NFS version 4.2 |
File operations succeed |
49 |
File Access With IPv6 |
Mount NFS share using IPv6 |
File operations succeed |
50 |
File Access With IPv4 |
Mount NFS share using IPv4 |
File operations succeed |
Transparency - Testcases
# |
Test Case |
Description |
Expected Result |
|---|---|---|---|
1 |
Mount NFS Share |
Mount NFS share on client |
Share is mounted successfully |
2 |
File Creation |
Create file on NFS share |
File is created and visible |
3 |
File Read |
Read file from NFS share |
File content is displayed correctly |
4 |
File Write |
Modify file on NFS share |
Changes are saved |
5 |
File Delete |
Delete file from NFS share |
File is removed |
6 |
Directory Creation |
Create directory on NFS share |
Directory is created |
7 |
Directory Listing |
List contents of NFS directory |
Contents are listed as expected |
8 |
File Rename |
Rename file on NFS share |
File is renamed successfully |
9 |
File Move |
Move file within NFS share |
File is moved successfully |
10 |
File Copy |
Copy file within NFS share |
File is copied successfully |
11 |
File Execution |
Execute script from NFS share |
Script runs as expected |
12 |
File Permissions |
Change file permissions on NFS share |
Permissions are updated |
13 |
File Ownership |
Change file ownership on NFS share |
Ownership is updated |
14 |
File Group Change |
Change file group on NFS share |
Group is updated |
15 |
File Timestamp |
Modify file and check timestamp |
Timestamp is updated correctly |
16 |
Symbolic Link |
Create and access symbolic link |
Link works as expected |
17 |
Hard Link |
Create and access hard link |
Link works as expected |
18 |
File Access via GUI |
Open file using file manager |
File opens like a local file |
19 |
File Access via CLI |
Open file using terminal |
File opens like a local file |
20 |
File Access via Application |
Open file using text editor |
File opens and edits successfully |
21 |
File Save from App |
Save file from application |
File is saved without error |
22 |
File Open from App |
Open file from application |
File opens without error |
23 |
File Access After Reboot |
Reboot client and access file |
File is accessible |
24 |
File Access After Server Reboot |
Reboot server and access file |
File is accessible |
25 |
File Access Over VPN |
Access file via VPN |
File is accessible |
26 |
File Access Over Wi-Fi |
Access file over wireless |
File is accessible |
27 |
File Access Over Ethernet |
Access file over wired connection |
File is accessible |
28 |
File Access With Firewall |
Access file with firewall enabled |
File is accessible if port is open |
29 |
File Access With SELinux |
Access file with SELinux enabled |
File access depends on policy |
30 |
File Access With AppArmor |
Access file with AppArmor enabled |
File access depends on profile |
31 |
File Access With ACLs |
Access file with ACLs configured |
Access follows ACL rules |
32 |
File Access With Root |
Access file as root user |
Access granted |
33 |
File Access With Normal User |
Access file as normal user |
Access based on permissions |
34 |
File Access With Read-Only Mount |
Mount share as read-only |
Write operations fail |
35 |
File Access With Read-Write Mount |
Mount share as read-write |
Write operations succeed |
36 |
File Access With Noexec |
Mount with noexec and run script |
Execution fails |
37 |
File Access With Sync |
Mount with sync option |
Writes are synchronous |
38 |
File Access With Async |
Mount with async option |
Writes are asynchronous |
39 |
File Access With Soft Mount |
Mount with soft option and disconnect server |
Operation times out |
40 |
File Access With Hard Mount |
Mount with hard option and disconnect server |
Operation hangs until server returns |
41 |
File Access With Autofs |
Use autofs to mount NFS share |
Share is mounted on access |
42 |
File Access With fstab |
Configure fstab and reboot |
Share is mounted automatically |
43 |
File Access With IPv4 |
Mount and access file using IPv4 |
File operations succeed |
44 |
File Access With IPv6 |
Mount and access file using IPv6 |
File operations succeed |
45 |
File Access With NFSv3 |
Use NFS version 3 |
File operations succeed |
46 |
File Access With NFSv4 |
Use NFS version 4 |
File operations succeed |
47 |
File Access With NFSv4.1 |
Use NFS version 4.1 |
File operations succeed |
48 |
File Access With NFSv4.2 |
Use NFS version 4.2 |
File operations succeed |
49 |
File Access With Multiple Clients |
Access same file from multiple clients |
File is accessible and consistent |
50 |
File Access With Backup Tool |
Run backup tool on NFS-mounted directory |
Files are backed up successfully |
Stateless Protocol(v2&v3) - Testcases
# |
Test Case |
Description |
Expected Result |
|---|---|---|---|
1 |
Stateless Mount |
Mount NFSv3 share |
Mount succeeds without session tracking |
2 |
Stateless File Read |
Read file from NFSv3 share |
File read succeeds independently |
3 |
Stateless File Write |
Write file to NFSv3 share |
File write succeeds without session dependency |
4 |
Stateless File Delete |
Delete file from NFSv3 share |
File is deleted without server tracking |
5 |
Stateless Directory Listing |
List directory contents |
Directory contents are listed independently |
6 |
Stateless File Rename |
Rename file on NFSv3 share |
Rename succeeds without session state |
7 |
Stateless File Move |
Move file within NFSv3 share |
Move succeeds independently |
8 |
Stateless File Copy |
Copy file within NFSv3 share |
Copy succeeds without session tracking |
9 |
Stateless File Permissions |
Change file permissions |
Permissions updated independently |
10 |
Stateless File Ownership |
Change file ownership |
Ownership updated without session state |
11 |
Stateless File Access After Reboot |
Access file after client reboot |
File access succeeds without session restoration |
12 |
Stateless File Access After Server Reboot |
Access file after server reboot |
File access succeeds without session restoration |
13 |
Stateless Multiple Clients |
Access same file from multiple clients |
Each client operates independently |
14 |
Stateless File Locking |
Attempt file locking |
Locking not supported in stateless mode |
15 |
Stateless File Timestamp |
Modify file and check timestamp |
Timestamp updated independently |
16 |
Stateless Symbolic Link |
Create and access symlink |
Symlink works without session state |
17 |
Stateless Hard Link |
Create and access hard link |
Hard link works independently |
18 |
Stateless File Access via CLI |
Access file using terminal |
File behaves like local file |
19 |
Stateless File Access via GUI |
Access file using file manager |
File behaves like local file |
20 |
Stateless File Access via App |
Access file using application |
File opens and saves without session dependency |
21 |
Stateless File Save from App |
Save file from application |
File saved independently |
22 |
Stateless File Open from App |
Open file from application |
File opened independently |
23 |
Stateless File Access Over VPN |
Access file via VPN |
File access succeeds independently |
24 |
Stateless File Access Over Wi-Fi |
Access file over wireless |
File access succeeds independently |
25 |
Stateless File Access Over Ethernet |
Access file over wired connection |
File access succeeds independently |
26 |
Stateless File Access With Firewall |
Access file with firewall enabled |
File access succeeds if port is open |
27 |
Stateless File Access With SELinux |
Access file with SELinux enabled |
Access depends on policy, not session |
28 |
Stateless File Access With AppArmor |
Access file with AppArmor enabled |
Access depends on profile, not session |
29 |
Stateless File Access With ACLs |
Access file with ACLs configured |
Access follows ACL rules independently |
30 |
Stateless File Access With Root |
Access file as root user |
Access granted independently |
31 |
Stateless File Access With Normal User |
Access file as normal user |
Access based on permissions |
32 |
Stateless File Access With Read-Only Mount |
Mount share as read-only |
Write operations fail independently |
33 |
Stateless File Access With Read-Write Mount |
Mount share as read-write |
Write operations succeed independently |
34 |
Stateless File Access With Noexec |
Mount with noexec and run script |
Execution fails independently |
35 |
Stateless File Access With Sync |
Mount with sync option |
Writes are synchronous |
36 |
Stateless File Access With Async |
Mount with async option |
Writes are asynchronous |
37 |
Stateless File Access With Soft Mount |
Mount with soft option and disconnect server |
Operation times out independently |
38 |
Stateless File Access With Hard Mount |
Mount with hard option and disconnect server |
Operation hangs until server returns |
39 |
Stateless File Access With Autofs |
Use autofs to mount NFS share |
Share is mounted on access independently |
40 |
Stateless File Access With fstab |
Configure fstab and reboot |
Share is mounted automatically |
41 |
Stateless File Access With IPv4 |
Mount and access file using IPv4 |
File operations succeed independently |
42 |
Stateless File Access With IPv6 |
Mount and access file using IPv6 |
File operations succeed independently |
43 |
Stateless File Access With NFSv2 |
Use NFS version 2 |
Stateless behavior confirmed |
44 |
Stateless File Access With NFSv3 |
Use NFS version 3 |
Stateless behavior confirmed |
45 |
Stateless File Access With Multiple Mounts |
Mount same share on multiple clients |
Each mount operates independently |
46 |
Stateless File Access With Backup Tool |
Run backup tool on NFS-mounted directory |
Files are backed up independently |
47 |
Stateless File Access With Monitoring Tool |
Monitor NFS traffic |
No session state observed |
48 |
Stateless File Access With Network Interruption |
Disconnect and reconnect network |
File access resumes independently |
49 |
Stateless File Access With Crash Recovery |
Simulate client crash and recover |
File access resumes without session restoration |
50 |
Stateless File Access With Stateless Export Option |
Use stateless export settings |
Server does not retain client state |
Stateful Protocol(v4) - Testcases
# |
Test Case |
Description |
Expected Result |
|---|---|---|---|
1 |
Stateful Mount |
Mount NFSv4 share |
Mount succeeds and session is established |
2 |
Session Establishment |
Verify session creation on mount |
Session ID is assigned |
3 |
Session Persistence |
Maintain session across multiple operations |
Same session ID is used |
4 |
File Locking |
Lock file from one client |
Lock is granted |
5 |
Lock Conflict |
Attempt to lock already locked file |
Lock is denied or queued |
6 |
Lock Release |
Release file lock |
Lock is released and available |
7 |
Lock Expiry |
Leave lock idle beyond timeout |
Lock is automatically released |
8 |
Delegation Handling |
Server delegates file access |
Client receives delegation token |
9 |
Delegation Recall |
Server recalls delegation |
Client returns delegation |
10 |
Compound Operation |
Perform multiple operations in one request |
All operations succeed atomically |
11 |
Session Recovery |
Recover session after network failure |
Session is re-established |
12 |
Session Expiry |
Leave session idle |
Session expires after timeout |
13 |
Session Reuse |
Reuse session for multiple file operations |
Operations succeed under same session |
14 |
Stateful File Read |
Read file using session |
File read succeeds |
15 |
Stateful File Write |
Write file using session |
File write succeeds |
16 |
Stateful File Delete |
Delete file using session |
File is deleted |
17 |
Stateful Directory Listing |
List directory contents |
Contents listed under session |
18 |
Stateful File Rename |
Rename file |
Rename succeeds |
19 |
Stateful File Move |
Move file |
Move succeeds |
20 |
Stateful File Copy |
Copy file |
Copy succeeds |
21 |
Stateful File Permissions |
Change file permissions |
Permissions updated |
22 |
Stateful File Ownership |
Change file ownership |
Ownership updated |
23 |
Stateful File Access After Reboot |
Reboot client and access file |
Session is re-established |
24 |
Stateful File Access After Server Reboot |
Reboot server and access file |
Session is re-established |
25 |
Stateful Multiple Clients |
Access same file from multiple clients |
Session state maintained per client |
26 |
Stateful File Timestamp |
Modify file and check timestamp |
Timestamp updated |
27 |
Stateful Symbolic Link |
Create and access symlink |
Symlink works |
28 |
Stateful Hard Link |
Create and access hard link |
Hard link works |
29 |
Stateful File Access via CLI |
Access file using terminal |
File behaves like local file |
30 |
Stateful File Access via GUI |
Access file using file manager |
File behaves like local file |
31 |
Stateful File Access via App |
Access file using application |
File opens and saves with session |
32 |
Stateful File Save from App |
Save file from application |
File saved with session |
33 |
Stateful File Open from App |
Open file from application |
File opened with session |
34 |
Stateful File Access Over VPN |
Access file via VPN |
Session maintained |
35 |
Stateful File Access Over Wi-Fi |
Access file over wireless |
Session maintained |
36 |
Stateful File Access Over Ethernet |
Access file over wired connection |
Session maintained |
37 |
Stateful File Access With Firewall |
Access file with firewall enabled |
Session maintained if port is open |
38 |
Stateful File Access With SELinux |
Access file with SELinux enabled |
Access depends on policy |
39 |
Stateful File Access With AppArmor |
Access file with AppArmor enabled |
Access depends on profile |
40 |
Stateful File Access With ACLs |
Access file with ACLs configured |
Access follows ACL rules |
41 |
Stateful File Access With Root |
Access file as root user |
Access granted |
42 |
Stateful File Access With Normal User |
Access file as normal user |
Access based on permissions |
43 |
Stateful File Access With IPv4 |
Mount and access file using IPv4 |
Session maintained |
44 |
Stateful File Access With IPv6 |
Mount and access file using IPv6 |
Session maintained |
45 |
Stateful File Access With NFSv4 |
Use NFS version 4 |
Stateful behavior confirmed |
46 |
Stateful File Access With NFSv4.1 |
Use NFS version 4.1 |
Stateful behavior confirmed |
47 |
Stateful File Access With NFSv4.2 |
Use NFS version 4.2 |
Stateful behavior confirmed |
48 |
Stateful File Access With Monitoring Tool |
Monitor NFS traffic |
Session state observed |
49 |
Stateful File Access With Crash Recovery |
Simulate client crash and recover |
Session is re-established |
50 |
Stateful File Access With Stateful Export Option |
Use stateful export settings |
Server maintains client session state |
Platform Independence - Testcases
# |
Test Case |
Description |
Expected Result |
|---|---|---|---|
1 |
Stateful Mount |
Mount NFSv4 share |
Mount succeeds and session is established |
2 |
Session Establishment |
Verify session creation on mount |
Session ID is assigned |
3 |
Session Persistence |
Maintain session across multiple operations |
Same session ID is used |
4 |
File Locking |
Lock file from one client |
Lock is granted |
5 |
Lock Conflict |
Attempt to lock already locked file |
Lock is denied or queued |
6 |
Lock Release |
Release file lock |
Lock is released and available |
7 |
Lock Expiry |
Leave lock idle beyond timeout |
Lock is automatically released |
8 |
Delegation Handling |
Server delegates file access |
Client receives delegation token |
9 |
Delegation Recall |
Server recalls delegation |
Client returns delegation |
10 |
Compound Operation |
Perform multiple operations in one request |
All operations succeed atomically |
11 |
Session Recovery |
Recover session after network failure |
Session is re-established |
12 |
Session Expiry |
Leave session idle |
Session expires after timeout |
13 |
Session Reuse |
Reuse session for multiple file operations |
Operations succeed under same session |
14 |
Stateful File Read |
Read file using session |
File read succeeds |
15 |
Stateful File Write |
Write file using session |
File write succeeds |
16 |
Stateful File Delete |
Delete file using session |
File is deleted |
17 |
Stateful Directory Listing |
List directory contents |
Contents listed under session |
18 |
Stateful File Rename |
Rename file |
Rename succeeds |
19 |
Stateful File Move |
Move file |
Move succeeds |
20 |
Stateful File Copy |
Copy file |
Copy succeeds |
21 |
Stateful File Permissions |
Change file permissions |
Permissions updated |
22 |
Stateful File Ownership |
Change file ownership |
Ownership updated |
23 |
Stateful File Access After Reboot |
Reboot client and access file |
Session is re-established |
24 |
Stateful File Access After Server Reboot |
Reboot server and access file |
Session is re-established |
25 |
Stateful Multiple Clients |
Access same file from multiple clients |
Session state maintained per client |
26 |
Stateful File Timestamp |
Modify file and check timestamp |
Timestamp updated |
27 |
Stateful Symbolic Link |
Create and access symlink |
Symlink works |
28 |
Stateful Hard Link |
Create and access hard link |
Hard link works |
29 |
Stateful File Access via CLI |
Access file using terminal |
File behaves like local file |
30 |
Stateful File Access via GUI |
Access file using file manager |
File behaves like local file |
31 |
Stateful File Access via App |
Access file using application |
File opens and saves with session |
32 |
Stateful File Save from App |
Save file from application |
File saved with session |
33 |
Stateful File Open from App |
Open file from application |
File opened with session |
34 |
Stateful File Access Over VPN |
Access file via VPN |
Session maintained |
35 |
Stateful File Access Over Wi-Fi |
Access file over wireless |
Session maintained |
36 |
Stateful File Access Over Ethernet |
Access file over wired connection |
Session maintained |
37 |
Stateful File Access With Firewall |
Access file with firewall enabled |
Session maintained if port is open |
38 |
Stateful File Access With SELinux |
Access file with SELinux enabled |
Access depends on policy |
39 |
Stateful File Access With AppArmor |
Access file with AppArmor enabled |
Access depends on profile |
40 |
Stateful File Access With ACLs |
Access file with ACLs configured |
Access follows ACL rules |
41 |
Stateful File Access With Root |
Access file as root user |
Access granted |
42 |
Stateful File Access With Normal User |
Access file as normal user |
Access based on permissions |
43 |
Stateful File Access With IPv4 |
Mount and access file using IPv4 |
Session maintained |
44 |
Stateful File Access With IPv6 |
Mount and access file using IPv6 |
Session maintained |
45 |
Stateful File Access With NFSv4 |
Use NFS version 4 |
Stateful behavior confirmed |
46 |
Stateful File Access With NFSv4.1 |
Use NFS version 4.1 |
Stateful behavior confirmed |
47 |
Stateful File Access With NFSv4.2 |
Use NFS version 4.2 |
Stateful behavior confirmed |
48 |
Stateful File Access With Monitoring Tool |
Monitor NFS traffic |
Session state observed |
49 |
Stateful File Access With Crash Recovery |
Simulate client crash and recover |
Session is re-established |
50 |
Stateful File Access With Stateful Export Option |
Use stateful export settings |
Server maintains client session state |
Mounting - Testcases
# |
Test Case |
Description |
Expected Result |
|---|---|---|---|
1 |
Basic Mount |
Mount NFS share using mount command |
Share is mounted successfully |
2 |
Mount via fstab |
Configure /etc/fstab for auto-mount |
Share mounts on boot |
3 |
Mount via autofs |
Use autofs to mount NFS share |
Share mounts on access |
4 |
Mount with NFSv3 |
Mount using NFS version 3 |
Mount succeeds |
5 |
Mount with NFSv4 |
Mount using NFS version 4 |
Mount succeeds |
6 |
Mount with NFSv4.1 |
Mount using NFS version 4.1 |
Mount succeeds |
7 |
Mount with NFSv4.2 |
Mount using NFS version 4.2 |
Mount succeeds |
8 |
Mount with IPv4 |
Mount using IPv4 address |
Mount succeeds |
9 |
Mount with IPv6 |
Mount using IPv6 address |
Mount succeeds |
10 |
Mount with Hostname |
Mount using server hostname |
Mount succeeds |
11 |
Mount with Soft Option |
Use soft mount option |
Mount succeeds; timeouts occur on failure |
12 |
Mount with Hard Option |
Use hard mount option |
Mount succeeds; retries on failure |
13 |
Mount with Intr Option |
Use intr option to allow interrupts |
Mount allows interruption |
14 |
Mount with Noexec Option |
Use noexec to prevent execution |
Executables cannot run |
15 |
Mount with Exec Option |
Use exec to allow execution |
Executables run normally |
16 |
Mount with Read-Only Option |
Use ro option |
Write operations fail |
17 |
Mount with Read-Write Option |
Use rw option |
Write operations succeed |
18 |
Mount with Sync Option |
Use sync option |
Writes are synchronous |
19 |
Mount with Async Option |
Use async option |
Writes are asynchronous |
20 |
Mount with Secure Option |
Use secure option |
Mount succeeds only from privileged ports |
21 |
Mount with Insecure Option |
Use insecure option |
Mount allowed from unprivileged ports |
22 |
Mount with Kerberos |
Use Kerberos authentication |
Mount succeeds with valid ticket |
23 |
Mount with Anonymous Access |
Use anonymous access |
Mount succeeds if allowed |
24 |
Mount with Subnet Restriction |
Mount from allowed subnet |
Mount succeeds |
25 |
Mount with Host Restriction |
Mount from allowed host |
Mount succeeds |
26 |
Mount with Firewall Enabled |
Mount with firewall blocking NFS ports |
Mount fails |
27 |
Mount with Firewall Open |
Mount with firewall allowing NFS ports |
Mount succeeds |
28 |
Mount with SELinux Enabled |
Mount with SELinux enforcing |
Mount behavior depends on policy |
29 |
Mount with AppArmor Enabled |
Mount with AppArmor profile |
Mount behavior depends on profile |
30 |
Mount with ACLs |
Mount and apply ACLs |
ACLs are enforced |
31 |
Mount with Large File Support |
Mount and access large files |
Files are accessible |
32 |
Mount with Symbolic Links |
Mount and access symlinks |
Symlinks work |
33 |
Mount with Hard Links |
Mount and access hard links |
Hard links work |
34 |
Mount with Multiple Clients |
Mount same share on multiple clients |
All clients mount successfully |
35 |
Mount with Concurrent Access |
Access mounted share concurrently |
No conflicts or corruption |
36 |
Mount with Network Interruption |
Disconnect and reconnect network |
Mount recovers or hangs based on options |
37 |
Mount After Server Reboot |
Reboot server and remount |
Mount succeeds |
38 |
Mount After Client Reboot |
Reboot client and remount |
Mount succeeds |
39 |
Mount with DNS Resolution Failure |
Use invalid hostname |
Mount fails |
40 |
Mount with Exported Subdirectory |
Mount a subdirectory of exported path |
Mount succeeds |
41 |
Mount with Root Squash |
Mount with root squash enabled |
Root user is mapped to nobody |
42 |
Mount with No Root Squash |
Mount with root squash disabled |
Root user retains privileges |
43 |
Mount with UID Mapping |
Mount with specific UID mapping |
File ownership reflects mapping |
44 |
Mount with GID Mapping |
Mount with specific GID mapping |
Group ownership reflects mapping |
45 |
Mount with Mount Helper |
Use mount.nfs helper |
Mount succeeds |
46 |
Mount with Systemd |
Use systemd mount unit |
Mount succeeds and is managed by systemd |
47 |
Mount with GUI Tool |
Use GUI tool (e.g., Nautilus) |
Mount succeeds |
48 |
Mount with Docker Container |
Mount inside container |
Mount succeeds depending on privileges |
49 |
Mount with Virtual Machine |
Mount from VM |
Mount succeeds |
50 |
Mount with Cloud Instance |
Mount from cloud-hosted VM |
Mount succeeds |
Security - Testcases
# |
Test Case |
Description |
Expected Result |
|---|---|---|---|
1 |
AUTH_SYS Basic Access |
Access NFS share using AUTH_SYS |
Access granted based on UID/GID |
2 |
AUTH_SYS Unauthorized Access |
Access NFS share with invalid UID |
Access denied |
3 |
AUTH_SYS Root Squash |
Access as root with root squash enabled |
Root mapped to nobody |
4 |
AUTH_SYS No Root Squash |
Access as root with root squash disabled |
Root retains privileges |
5 |
Kerberos Mount |
Mount NFSv4 share with Kerberos |
Mount succeeds with valid ticket |
6 |
Kerberos Ticket Expiry |
Access after ticket expiry |
Access denied |
7 |
Kerberos Ticket Renewal |
Renew ticket and access |
Access granted |
8 |
Kerberos Without Ticket |
Access without Kerberos ticket |
Access denied |
9 |
Kerberos With Invalid Ticket |
Access with invalid ticket |
Access denied |
10 |
Kerberos With Multiple Clients |
Access from multiple clients with valid tickets |
Access granted |
11 |
Kerberos Delegation |
Use delegated credentials |
Access granted |
12 |
Kerberos Replay Attack Test |
Attempt replay attack |
Access denied |
13 |
Kerberos Encryption Check |
Verify encrypted communication |
Data is encrypted |
14 |
Kerberos Integrity Check |
Verify data integrity |
Data is intact |
15 |
ACL Read Permission |
Access file with read ACL |
Read access granted |
16 |
ACL Write Permission |
Access file with write ACL |
Write access granted |
17 |
ACL Execute Permission |
Execute file with execute ACL |
Execution allowed |
18 |
ACL Deny Access |
Access file with deny ACL |
Access denied |
19 |
ACL Modify Permissions |
Modify ACLs on file |
ACLs updated successfully |
20 |
ACL Inheritance |
Create file in ACL-protected directory |
File inherits ACLs |
21 |
ACL with AUTH_SYS |
Use ACLs with AUTH_SYS authentication |
ACLs enforced |
22 |
ACL with Kerberos |
Use ACLs with Kerberos authentication |
ACLs enforced |
23 |
ACL with Multiple Users |
Apply ACLs for multiple users |
Access varies by user |
24 |
ACL with Groups |
Apply ACLs for groups |
Access varies by group |
25 |
ACL Logging |
Enable logging for ACL access |
Access attempts logged |
26 |
Kerberos Logging |
Enable logging for Kerberos access |
Access attempts logged |
27 |
AUTH_SYS Logging |
Enable logging for AUTH_SYS access |
Access attempts logged |
28 |
Unauthorized Access Logging |
Log unauthorized access attempts |
Attempts logged |
29 |
ACL Audit Trail |
Review ACL audit logs |
Logs show access history |
30 |
Kerberos Audit Trail |
Review Kerberos audit logs |
Logs show ticket usage |
31 |
AUTH_SYS Audit Trail |
Review AUTH_SYS audit logs |
Logs show UID-based access |
32 |
ACL with GUI Tool |
Modify ACLs using GUI |
ACLs updated successfully |
33 |
ACL with CLI Tool |
Modify ACLs using CLI |
ACLs updated successfully |
34 |
ACL with Script |
Modify ACLs using script |
ACLs updated successfully |
35 |
ACL with Backup Tool |
Backup ACL-protected files |
ACLs preserved |
36 |
ACL with Restore Tool |
Restore ACL-protected files |
ACLs restored |
37 |
Kerberos with VPN |
Access NFS over VPN with Kerberos |
Access granted with valid ticket |
38 |
Kerberos with NAT |
Access NFS behind NAT |
Access granted with proper configuration |
39 |
AUTH_SYS with VLAN |
Access NFS over VLAN |
Access granted based on UID/GID |
40 |
ACL with VLAN |
Access ACL-protected files over VLAN |
ACLs enforced |
41 |
Kerberos with IPv6 |
Access NFS over IPv6 with Kerberos |
Access granted |
42 |
AUTH_SYS with IPv6 |
Access NFS over IPv6 with AUTH_SYS |
Access granted |
43 |
ACL with IPv6 |
Access ACL-protected files over IPv6 |
ACLs enforced |
44 |
Kerberos with IPv4 |
Access NFS over IPv4 with Kerberos |
Access granted |
45 |
AUTH_SYS with IPv4 |
Access NFS over IPv4 with AUTH_SYS |
Access granted |
46 |
ACL with IPv4 |
Access ACL-protected files over IPv4 |
ACLs enforced |
47 |
ACL with File Manager |
View ACLs in file manager |
ACLs displayed |
48 |
ACL with Text Editor |
Edit ACLs in text editor |
ACLs updated |
49 |
ACL with Systemd |
Apply ACLs via systemd unit |
ACLs enforced |
50 |
ACL with Docker Container |
Access ACL-protected files in container |
ACLs enforced based on container privileges |
File Locking - Testcases
# |
Test Case |
Description |
Expected Result |
|---|---|---|---|
1 |
Basic File Lock |
Lock a file using fcntl or flock |
Lock is acquired successfully |
2 |
Lock and Unlock |
Lock and then unlock a file |
Lock is released |
3 |
Lock Conflict |
Try to lock an already locked file |
Lock request is blocked or denied |
4 |
Shared Lock |
Acquire shared lock on a file |
Multiple readers allowed |
5 |
Exclusive Lock |
Acquire exclusive lock on a file |
Only one writer allowed |
6 |
Lock Upgrade |
Upgrade shared lock to exclusive |
Upgrade succeeds if no other locks |
7 |
Lock Downgrade |
Downgrade exclusive lock to shared |
Downgrade succeeds |
8 |
Lock Persistence |
Maintain lock across operations |
Lock remains active |
9 |
Lock Expiry |
Leave lock idle beyond timeout |
Lock is released automatically |
10 |
Lock After Reboot |
Reboot client and check lock |
Lock is lost (must be reacquired) |
11 |
Lock After Server Reboot |
Reboot server and check lock |
Lock is lost (must be reacquired) |
12 |
Lock Recovery |
Reacquire lock after failure |
Lock is reacquired |
13 |
Lock with Multiple Clients |
Lock file from multiple clients |
Only one client gets exclusive lock |
14 |
Lock with Multiple Users |
Lock file by different users |
Lock behavior follows permissions |
15 |
Lock with Root User |
Lock file as root |
Lock is granted |
16 |
Lock with Normal User |
Lock file as normal user |
Lock is granted if permissions allow |
17 |
Lock with Read-Only Mount |
Try to lock file on read-only mount |
Lock fails |
18 |
Lock with Read-Write Mount |
Lock file on read-write mount |
Lock succeeds |
19 |
Lock with Soft Mount |
Lock file on soft mount |
Lock may fail on timeout |
20 |
Lock with Hard Mount |
Lock file on hard mount |
Lock persists until server responds |
21 |
Lock with GUI Application |
Lock file using GUI editor |
Lock is acquired |
22 |
Lock with CLI Tool |
Lock file using command-line tool |
Lock is acquired |
23 |
Lock with Script |
Lock file using shell script |
Lock is acquired |
24 |
Lock with Python |
Lock file using Python script |
Lock is acquired |
25 |
Lock with Java |
Lock file using Java NIO |
Lock is acquired |
26 |
Lock with C/C++ |
Lock file using POSIX APIs |
Lock is acquired |
27 |
Lock with Text Editor |
Open file in editor with lock |
Lock is acquired |
28 |
Lock with Media Player |
Open media file with lock |
Lock is acquired |
29 |
Lock with Backup Tool |
Lock file during backup |
Lock is acquired |
30 |
Lock with Restore Tool |
Lock file during restore |
Lock is acquired |
31 |
Lock Logging |
Enable logging for lock operations |
Lock events are logged |
32 |
Lock Audit Trail |
Review audit logs for lock activity |
Lock history is visible |
33 |
Lock with IPv4 |
Lock file over IPv4 |
Lock is acquired |
34 |
Lock with IPv6 |
Lock file over IPv6 |
Lock is acquired |
35 |
Lock with VPN |
Lock file over VPN |
Lock is acquired |
36 |
Lock with VLAN |
Lock file over VLAN |
Lock is acquired |
37 |
Lock with NAT |
Lock file behind NAT |
Lock is acquired |
38 |
Lock with Docker |
Lock file from container |
Lock is acquired if permissions allow |
39 |
Lock with Virtual Machine |
Lock file from VM |
Lock is acquired |
40 |
Lock with Cloud Instance |
Lock file from cloud-hosted VM |
Lock is acquired |
41 |
Lock with ACL |
Lock file with ACL restrictions |
Lock behavior follows ACLs |
42 |
Lock with Kerberos |
Lock file with Kerberos authentication |
Lock is acquired |
43 |
Lock with AUTH_SYS |
Lock file with AUTH_SYS |
Lock is acquired |
44 |
Lock with Multiple Mounts |
Lock file from different mount points |
Lock is respected across mounts |
45 |
Lock with File Manager |
Lock file using file manager |
Lock is acquired |
46 |
Lock with Systemd |
Lock file via systemd service |
Lock is acquired |
47 |
Lock with Network Interruption |
Lock file and disconnect network |
Lock is lost or recovered |
48 |
Lock with File Sync Tool |
Lock file during sync |
Lock is acquired |
49 |
Lock with Concurrent Access |
Simultaneous access with lock |
Conflicts are prevented |
50 |
Lock with File Monitoring Tool |
Monitor lock status |
Lock status is visible |
Caching - Testcases
# |
Test Case |
Description |
Expected Result |
|---|---|---|---|
1 |
Basic Read Caching |
Read file and verify caching |
File is cached locally |
2 |
Basic Write Caching |
Write file and verify caching |
Write is cached before sync |
3 |
Cache Invalidation on Change |
Modify file on server |
Client cache is invalidated |
4 |
Cache Refresh on Timeout |
Wait for cache timeout |
Cache is refreshed |
5 |
Cache Consistency Check |
Compare cached and server file |
Data matches after sync |
6 |
Cache with Multiple Clients |
Access file from multiple clients |
Each client maintains its own cache |
7 |
Cache with File Locking |
Lock file and modify |
Cache is updated after unlock |
8 |
Cache with Read-Only Mount |
Read file from read-only mount |
File is cached |
9 |
Cache with Read-Write Mount |
Write file to read-write mount |
File is cached and synced |
10 |
Cache with Soft Mount |
Use soft mount and read file |
Cache works with timeout behavior |
11 |
Cache with Hard Mount |
Use hard mount and read file |
Cache persists until server responds |
12 |
Cache with Sync Option |
Use sync mount option |
Writes are immediately flushed |
13 |
Cache with Async Option |
Use async mount option |
Writes are cached |
14 |
Cache with Noac Option |
Mount with noac (no attribute caching) |
No caching occurs |
15 |
Cache with Actimeo Option |
Set actimeo to control cache timeout |
Cache expires as configured |
16 |
Cache with Lookup Cache |
Cache directory lookups |
Lookups are cached |
17 |
Cache with Attribute Cache |
Cache file attributes |
Attributes are cached |
18 |
Cache with Data Cache |
Cache file content |
Data is cached |
19 |
Cache with Directory Cache |
Cache directory contents |
Directory listing is cached |
20 |
Cache with Symbolic Links |
Access symlinked file |
Target file is cached |
21 |
Cache with Hard Links |
Access hard-linked file |
File is cached |
22 |
Cache with Large Files |
Read large file |
File is cached in chunks |
23 |
Cache with Small Files |
Read small file |
File is cached entirely |
24 |
Cache with Frequent Access |
Access file repeatedly |
File remains in cache |
25 |
Cache with Infrequent Access |
Access file after long interval |
Cache may expire |
26 |
Cache with Network Interruption |
Disconnect network during access |
Cached data is still available |
27 |
Cache with Server Reboot |
Reboot server and access file |
Cache is refreshed |
28 |
Cache with Client Reboot |
Reboot client and access file |
Cache is cleared |
29 |
Cache with File Manager |
Access file via GUI |
File is cached |
30 |
Cache with CLI Tool |
Access file via terminal |
File is cached |
31 |
Cache with Text Editor |
Open file in editor |
File is cached |
32 |
Cache with Media Player |
Play media file |
File is cached |
33 |
Cache with Backup Tool |
Backup cached file |
Backup uses cached data |
34 |
Cache with Restore Tool |
Restore file and verify cache |
Cache is updated |
35 |
Cache with Monitoring Tool |
Monitor cache usage |
Cache activity is visible |
36 |
Cache with Logging Enabled |
Enable cache logging |
Cache events are logged |
37 |
Cache with Audit Trail |
Review cache audit logs |
Logs show cache history |
38 |
Cache with IPv4 |
Access file over IPv4 |
File is cached |
39 |
Cache with IPv6 |
Access file over IPv6 |
File is cached |
40 |
Cache with VPN |
Access file over VPN |
File is cached |
41 |
Cache with VLAN |
Access file over VLAN |
File is cached |
42 |
Cache with NAT |
Access file behind NAT |
File is cached |
43 |
Cache with Docker |
Access file from container |
File is cached if allowed |
44 |
Cache with Virtual Machine |
Access file from VM |
File is cached |
45 |
Cache with Cloud Instance |
Access file from cloud-hosted VM |
File is cached |
46 |
Cache with Kerberos |
Access file with Kerberos authentication |
File is cached |
47 |
Cache with AUTH_SYS |
Access file with AUTH_SYS |
File is cached |
48 |
Cache with ACL |
Access ACL-protected file |
File is cached if access is granted |
49 |
Cache with Concurrent Access |
Access file concurrently |
Cache prevents redundant reads |
50 |
Cache with Performance Benchmark |
Measure performance with and without cache |
Cached access is faster |
Asynchronous Writes - Testcases
# |
Test Case |
Description |
Expected Result |
|---|---|---|---|
1 |
Basic Async Write |
Write file with async mount |
Write completes without delay |
2 |
Async Write Performance |
Measure write speed with async |
Faster than sync write |
3 |
Async Write with Large File |
Write large file |
Write completes quickly |
4 |
Async Write with Small File |
Write small file |
Write completes instantly |
5 |
Async Write with Multiple Files |
Write multiple files |
All writes complete without waiting |
6 |
Async Write with Network Delay |
Simulate network delay |
Write still completes quickly |
7 |
Async Write with Server Load |
Write during high server load |
Write completes without blocking |
8 |
Async Write with Client Crash |
Crash client after write |
Data may be lost if not flushed |
9 |
Async Write with Server Crash |
Crash server after write |
Data may be lost if not committed |
10 |
Async Write with Power Failure |
Simulate power loss |
Data integrity depends on flush timing |
11 |
Async Write with File Locking |
Lock file and write |
Write completes, lock respected |
12 |
Async Write with Read-Only Mount |
Attempt async write on read-only mount |
Write fails |
13 |
Async Write with Sync Option |
Use sync mount option |
Write waits for acknowledgment |
14 |
Async Write with Hard Mount |
Use hard mount with async |
Write completes asynchronously |
15 |
Async Write with Soft Mount |
Use soft mount with async |
Write completes, may timeout on failure |
16 |
Async Write with Cache Enabled |
Write with caching |
Write is cached and delayed |
17 |
Async Write with Cache Disabled |
Disable cache |
Write behavior depends on client |
18 |
Async Write with File Manager |
Write file using GUI |
Write completes without delay |
19 |
Async Write with CLI Tool |
Write file using terminal |
Write completes without delay |
20 |
Async Write with Text Editor |
Save file in editor |
Save completes instantly |
21 |
Async Write with Media File |
Save media file |
File is saved quickly |
22 |
Async Write with Backup Tool |
Backup file with async write |
Backup completes faster |
23 |
Async Write with Restore Tool |
Restore file with async write |
Restore completes quickly |
24 |
Async Write with Logging Enabled |
Enable logging |
Logs show write completion before flush |
25 |
Async Write with Audit Trail |
Review audit logs |
Logs show write timing |
26 |
Async Write with IPv4 |
Write over IPv4 |
Write completes asynchronously |
27 |
Async Write with IPv6 |
Write over IPv6 |
Write completes asynchronously |
28 |
Async Write with VPN |
Write over VPN |
Write completes without delay |
29 |
Async Write with VLAN |
Write over VLAN |
Write completes without delay |
30 |
Async Write with NAT |
Write behind NAT |
Write completes without delay |
31 |
Async Write with Docker |
Write from container |
Write completes asynchronously |
32 |
Async Write with Virtual Machine |
Write from VM |
Write completes asynchronously |
33 |
Async Write with Cloud Instance |
Write from cloud-hosted VM |
Write completes asynchronously |
34 |
Async Write with Kerberos |
Write with Kerberos authentication |
Write completes asynchronously |
35 |
Async Write with AUTH_SYS |
Write with AUTH_SYS |
Write completes asynchronously |
36 |
Async Write with ACL |
Write to ACL-protected file |
Write respects ACLs |
37 |
Async Write with File Sync Tool |
Sync file after async write |
Data is flushed to server |
38 |
Async Write with Flush Command |
Use sync or fsync |
Data is committed to server |
39 |
Async Write with File Monitoring Tool |
Monitor write timing |
Write appears before flush |
40 |
Async Write with Concurrent Access |
Multiple clients write same file |
Writes complete independently |
41 |
Async Write with File Overwrite |
Overwrite existing file |
Write completes without delay |
42 |
Async Write with New File |
Create and write new file |
File is created and written quickly |
43 |
Async Write with Directory Creation |
Create directory and write file |
Directory and file created quickly |
44 |
Async Write with Symbolic Link |
Write to symlinked file |
Write completes asynchronously |
45 |
Async Write with Hard Link |
Write to hard-linked file |
Write completes asynchronously |
46 |
Async Write with File Rename |
Rename file after write |
Rename succeeds, data may still be in cache |
47 |
Async Write with File Move |
Move file after write |
Move succeeds, data may still be in cache |
48 |
Async Write with File Delete |
Delete file after write |
File deleted, data may not be flushed |
49 |
Async Write with File Compression |
Compress file after write |
Compression succeeds, data may be cached |
50 |
Async Write with Performance Benchmark |
Compare sync vs async write |
Async write is faster |
Reference links