WebSocket
What is WebSocket?
WebSocket is a communication protocol that provides full-duplex, bidirectional communication channels over a single TCP connection. It is designed to allow real-time interaction between a client (like a browser) and a server with minimal overhead.
Why is WebSocket useful?
Real-time communication – Enables low-latency, two-way data exchange
Reduced overhead – Unlike HTTP, headers are sent only once during the initial handshake
Persistent connection – Keeps a single connection open for ongoing interaction
Ideal for live updates – Great for chat, gaming, and real-time dashboards
How it works?
Handshake – Starts with an HTTP request to establish a WebSocket connection
Upgrade – If accepted, the protocol upgrades to WebSocket
Open connection – A persistent connection remains open
Data exchange – Messages can be sent in both directions at any time
Close – Either side can close the connection when done
Where is WebSocket used?
Online gaming – For real-time multiplayer synchronization
Chat applications – Enables instant messaging
Live sports and stock tickers – For pushing real-time data updates
Collaborative tools – Like whiteboards or shared editing platforms
Which OSI layer does WebSocket belong to?
WebSocket defines message formats and communication logic for applications
It builds on top of TCP (via HTTP) but operates at the application level
It belongs to the Application Layer (Layer 7) of the OSI model
Topics in this section,
In this section, you are going to learn
Terminology
Version Info
WebSocket |
RFC |
Year |
Core Idea / Contribution |
|---|---|---|---|
Version |
|||
Version 1.0 |
|||
RFC 6455 |
2011 |
Defines the WebSocket protocol, enabling full-duplex communication over a single TCP connection. It allows real-time data exchange between client and server, reducing overhead compared to HTTP polling or long-polling. |
setup
setup
Client Handshake Request Packet
S.No |
Protocol Packets |
Description |
Size(bytes) |
|---|---|---|---|
1 |
Client Handshake Request Packet |
Sent by the client to initiate a WebSocket connection using an HTTP Upgrade request. |
Variable (depends on headers) |
Method |
HTTP method (always GET) |
Variable |
|
Request-URI |
Target path |
Variable |
|
HTTP Version |
HTTP/1.1 |
Variable |
|
Host |
Server hostname |
Variable |
|
Upgrade |
Must be websocket |
Variable |
|
Connection |
Must include Upgrade |
Variable |
|
Sec-WebSocket-Key |
Base64-encoded random key |
24 |
|
Sec-WebSocket-Version |
WebSocket version (usually 13) |
2 |
|
Optional Headers |
e.g., Origin, Protocol, Extensions |
Variable |
|
Server Handshake Response Packet
S.No |
Protocol Packets |
Description |
Size(bytes) |
|---|---|---|---|
2 |
Server Handshake Response Packet |
Sent by the server to accept the WebSocket |
Variable |
upgrade. |
|||
Status Line |
HTTP/1.1 101 Switching Protocols |
Variable |
|
Upgrade |
Must be websocket |
Variable |
|
Connection |
Must be Upgrade |
Variable |
|
Sec-WebSocket-Accept |
Base64-encoded hash of client key |
28 |
|
Optional Headers |
e.g., Protocol, Extensions |
Variable |
|
Data Frame Packet
S.No |
Protocol Packets |
Description |
Size(bytes) |
|---|---|---|---|
3 |
Data Frame Packet |
Used to send actual data (text, binary, control frames). |
2+ (depends on payload) |
FIN |
Final frame indicator (1 bit) |
1 bit |
|
RSV1-3 |
Reserved bits (usually 0) |
3 bits |
|
Opcode |
Type of frame (e.g., 0x1 = text, 0x2 = binary) |
4 bits |
|
MASK |
Mask flag (1 = masked, client must mask) |
1 bit |
|
Payload Length |
Length of payload (7, 7+16, or 7+64 bits) |
19 |
|
Masking Key |
4-byte key (if MASK = 1) |
4 |
|
Payload Data |
Actual message content |
Variable |
|
Control Frame Packet
S.No |
Protocol Packets |
Description |
Size(bytes) |
|---|---|---|---|
4 |
Control Frame Packet (e.g., Ping, Pong, Close) |
Used for connection management. |
2+ (small |
payload) |
|||
FIN |
Final frame indicator |
1 bit |
|
Opcode |
0x8 = Close, 0x9 = Ping, 0xA = Pong |
4 bits |
|
MASK |
Mask flag |
1 bit |
|
Payload Length |
Length of control data |
7 bits |
|
Masking Key |
4 bytes (if MASK = 1) |
4 |
|
Payload Data |
Optional (e.g., close code + reason) |
Variable |
|
s.no |
Use Case |
Description |
|---|---|---|
1 |
Chat Applications |
Enables real-time messaging, typing indicators, and presence updates between users. |
2 |
Online Gaming |
Supports fast, bidirectional communication for multiplayer games with low latency. |
3 |
Live Sports & News Feeds |
Pushes real-time updates to users without polling the server. |
4 |
Collaborative Tools |
Powers live document editing, whiteboards, and shared workspaces. |
5 |
Stock Market Dashboards |
Streams live financial data and price updates to trading platforms. |
6 |
IoT Device Communication |
Facilitates real-time control and monitoring of connected devices. |
7 |
Customer Support Systems |
Enables live chat and instant support interactions on websites. |
8 |
Real-Time Notifications |
Delivers alerts, reminders, and system messages instantly. |
9 |
Video Conferencing |
Assists in signaling and control messaging for WebRTC-based video calls. |
10 |
Live Auctions & Bidding |
Ensures immediate updates and bid confirmations during live events. |
S.no |
Feature |
Description |
|---|---|---|
1 |
Full-Duplex Communication |
Allows simultaneous two-way communication between client and server over a single connection. |
2 |
Persistent Connection |
Maintains an open connection, eliminating the need for repeated handshakes like in HTTP. |
3 |
Low Latency |
Reduces overhead and latency by avoiding HTTP headers and polling. |
4 |
Lightweight Protocol |
Uses a compact frame format, making it efficient for real-time applications. |
5 |
Real-Time Data Transfer |
Ideal for applications requiring instant updates like chat, gaming, and live feeds. |
6 |
Cross-Platform Support |
Supported by all modern browsers and many server-side technologies. |
7 |
Firewall-Friendly |
Operates over standard ports (80 and 443), making it easier to traverse firewalls. |
8 |
Binary and Text Support |
Can transmit both text (UTF-8) and binary data (e.g., images, files). |
9 |
Built-in Ping/Pong Frames |
Keeps the connection alive and detects broken connections. |
10 |
Protocol Upgrade from HTTP |
Starts as an HTTP request and upgrades to WebSocket, ensuring compatibility with existing infrastructure. |
Full Duplex Communication - Testcases
# |
Test Case |
Description |
Expected Result |
|---|---|---|---|
1 |
Establish WebSocket Connection |
Connect client to server |
Connection is established |
2 |
Send Message from Client |
Client sends message |
Server receives message |
3 |
Send Message from Server |
Server sends message |
Client receives message |
4 |
Simultaneous Send/Receive |
Client and server send messages at same time |
Both messages are received |
5 |
Continuous Client Messages |
Client sends multiple messages |
Server receives all messages |
6 |
Continuous Server Messages |
Server sends multiple messages |
Client receives all messages |
7 |
Bidirectional Chat |
Implement chat app |
Messages flow both ways |
8 |
Real-Time Game Updates |
Send game state updates |
Updates received instantly |
9 |
Real-Time Stock Ticker |
Server pushes stock prices |
Client receives updates live |
10 |
Real-Time Notifications |
Server sends alerts |
Client receives alerts immediately |
11 |
Echo Test |
Client sends message, server echoes |
Echo received correctly |
12 |
Ping-Pong Test |
Client sends ping, server replies pong |
Pong received |
13 |
Large Message from Client |
Send large payload |
Server receives full message |
14 |
Large Message from Server |
Send large payload |
Client receives full message |
15 |
Binary Message from Client |
Send binary data |
Server receives binary correctly |
16 |
Binary Message from Server |
Send binary data |
Client receives binary correctly |
17 |
JSON Message Exchange |
Send JSON payload |
JSON parsed correctly on both ends |
18 |
XML Message Exchange |
Send XML payload |
XML parsed correctly |
19 |
UTF-8 Text Message |
Send UTF-8 encoded text |
Message received correctly |
20 |
Unicode Characters |
Send emojis or non-Latin text |
Characters received correctly |
21 |
Message Fragmentation |
Send fragmented message |
Reassembled correctly |
22 |
Message Ordering |
Send multiple messages |
Received in correct order |
23 |
Message Throttling |
Limit message rate |
Messages sent at controlled pace |
24 |
Message Prioritization |
Prioritize certain messages |
High-priority messages delivered first |
25 |
Connection Over TLS |
Use wss:// |
Communication is encrypted |
26 |
Connection Over VPN |
Connect via VPN |
Messages transmitted securely |
27 |
Connection Behind NAT |
Connect from NATed client |
Communication succeeds |
28 |
Connection Over Mobile Network |
Use 4G/5G |
Messages transmitted reliably |
29 |
Connection Over Satellite |
Use satellite link |
Messages transmitted with latency |
30 |
Connection Over Wi-Fi |
Use wireless network |
Communication succeeds |
31 |
Connection Over Ethernet |
Use wired network |
Communication succeeds |
32 |
Reconnect After Drop |
Drop connection and reconnect |
Communication resumes |
33 |
Handle Network Latency |
Simulate high latency |
Messages still delivered |
34 |
Handle Packet Loss |
Simulate packet loss |
Messages retried or dropped |
35 |
Handle Intermittent Network |
Simulate unstable network |
Communication resumes after recovery |
36 |
Multiple Clients |
Connect multiple clients |
All receive server messages |
37 |
Broadcast from Server |
Server sends to all clients |
All clients receive message |
38 |
Broadcast from Client |
Client sends to server |
Server routes to all clients |
39 |
Secure Authentication |
Authenticate before communication |
Only authorized clients connect |
40 |
Authorization Check |
Restrict message types |
Unauthorized messages blocked |
41 |
Message Logging |
Log all messages |
Logs contain full history |
42 |
Message Monitoring |
Monitor traffic |
Messages visible in dashboard |
43 |
Message Replay |
Replay previous messages |
Messages delivered again |
44 |
Message Filtering |
Filter messages by type |
Only valid messages processed |
45 |
Message Compression |
Compress payloads |
Messages decompressed correctly |
46 |
Message Encryption |
Encrypt payloads |
Messages decrypted correctly |
47 |
Message Validation |
Validate schema |
Invalid messages rejected |
48 |
Custom Protocol Support |
Use custom message format |
Messages parsed correctly |
49 |
Integration with REST |
Combine WebSocket and REST |
Both protocols work together |
50 |
Performance Benchmark |
Measure throughput |
Meets expected performance levels |
Persistent Connection - Testcases
# |
Test Case |
Description |
Expected Result |
|---|---|---|---|
1 |
Establish Persistent Connection |
Open WebSocket connection |
Connection remains open |
2 |
No Repeated Handshakes |
Avoid handshake on each message |
Only initial handshake occurs |
3 |
Long-Lived Connection |
Keep connection open for extended period |
Connection stays alive |
4 |
Idle Timeout Handling |
Keep connection idle for a while |
Connection does not close unexpectedly |
5 |
Keep-Alive Mechanism |
Send periodic pings |
Connection remains active |
6 |
Detect Connection Drop |
Simulate network drop |
Drop is detected promptly |
7 |
Auto-Reconnect Logic |
Reconnect after drop |
Connection re-established automatically |
8 |
Session Persistence |
Maintain session state across reconnects |
Session resumes correctly |
9 |
Server-Initiated Disconnect |
Server closes connection |
Client detects and handles gracefully |
10 |
Client-Initiated Disconnect |
Client closes connection |
Server detects and handles gracefully |
11 |
Reconnect with Backoff |
Retry with exponential backoff |
Reconnect attempts spaced appropriately |
12 |
Connection Stability Test |
Simulate fluctuating network |
Connection remains stable or recovers |
13 |
Load Test with Persistent Conn. |
Maintain many open connections |
Server handles load efficiently |
14 |
Resource Cleanup on Close |
Close connection gracefully |
Resources released properly |
15 |
Persistent Connection over TLS |
Use wss:// |
Secure persistent connection |
16 |
Persistent Connection via Proxy |
Connect through proxy |
Connection remains persistent |
17 |
NAT Traversal |
Connect from behind NAT |
Connection remains open |
18 |
Mobile Network Persistence |
Use 4G/5G network |
Connection remains stable |
19 |
Wi-Fi Roaming |
Switch Wi-Fi networks |
Connection persists or reconnects |
20 |
Battery Saver Mode |
Enable battery saver on device |
Connection remains alive or reconnects |
21 |
VPN Tunnel Persistence |
Use VPN during connection |
Connection remains stable |
22 |
Satellite Network Test |
Use satellite internet |
Connection persists with latency |
23 |
Ethernet Stability |
Use wired connection |
Connection remains stable |
24 |
Wi-Fi Signal Fluctuation |
Vary Wi-Fi signal strength |
Connection adapts or reconnects |
25 |
Browser Tab Sleep |
Let browser tab sleep |
Connection resumes or reconnects |
26 |
Background App Mode |
App goes to background |
Connection remains or reconnects |
27 |
Server Restart |
Restart server |
Client reconnects automatically |
28 |
Client Restart |
Restart client |
Session resumes after reconnect |
29 |
Firewall Interruption |
Block and unblock port |
Connection resumes or reconnects |
30 |
DNS Change During Session |
Change DNS mid-session |
Connection remains unaffected |
31 |
IP Address Change |
Change client IP |
Connection re-establishes |
32 |
Port Change Handling |
Change server port |
Client reconnects to new port |
33 |
TLS Certificate Renewal |
Renew TLS cert mid-session |
Connection remains secure |
34 |
Session Token Expiry |
Token expires during session |
Re-authentication triggered |
35 |
Server Load Balancer Switch |
Switch backend server |
Connection persists or reconnects |
36 |
WebSocket Version Compatibility |
Use different protocol versions |
Connection remains compatible |
37 |
Browser Compatibility Test |
Test across browsers |
Persistent connection works consistently |
38 |
Device Compatibility Test |
Test across devices |
Persistent connection works consistently |
39 |
OS Sleep/Wake Cycle |
Put device to sleep and wake |
Connection resumes or reconnects |
40 |
Time Sync Drift |
Change system time |
Connection remains unaffected |
41 |
Proxy Rotation |
Rotate proxy IPs |
Connection persists or reconnects |
42 |
SSL Handshake Failure Recovery |
Simulate SSL failure |
Connection retries securely |
43 |
Application Crash Recovery |
Crash and restart app |
Connection re-established |
44 |
Server Maintenance Mode |
Server goes offline temporarily |
Client reconnects after downtime |
45 |
Message Retry After Reconnect |
Send message after reconnect |
Message delivered successfully |
46 |
Persistent Connection Logging |
Log connection lifecycle |
Logs show full connection history |
47 |
Persistent Connection Monitoring |
Monitor connection status |
Dashboard reflects real-time state |
48 |
Persistent Connection Metrics |
Track uptime, reconnects, latency |
Metrics collected accurately |
49 |
Integration with Load Balancer |
Use WebSocket with load balancer |
Connection persists across nodes |
50 |
Performance Benchmarking |
Measure connection uptime and reconnect frequency |
Meets expected reliability thresholds |
Low Latency - Testcases
# |
Test Case |
Description |
Expected Result |
|---|---|---|---|
1 |
Measure Initial Connection Time |
Time to establish WebSocket connection |
Connection time is minimal |
2 |
Avoid HTTP Headers |
Send message without HTTP headers |
No HTTP overhead observed |
3 |
No Polling Required |
Avoid repeated polling |
Messages sent instantly |
4 |
Real-Time Message Delivery |
Send message and measure delay |
Message received with minimal latency |
5 |
Real-Time Game State Update |
Push game state changes |
Updates received instantly |
6 |
Real-Time Chat |
Send chat messages |
Messages delivered instantly |
7 |
Real-Time Stock Updates |
Push stock prices |
Prices updated live |
8 |
Real-Time Notifications |
Push alerts |
Alerts received immediately |
9 |
Real-Time Sensor Data |
Stream sensor readings |
Data received with low latency |
10 |
Real-Time Video Metadata |
Send video playback info |
Metadata received instantly |
11 |
Real-Time GPS Tracking |
Push location updates |
Location updates received live |
12 |
Real-Time Collaboration |
Sync document edits |
Changes reflected instantly |
13 |
Real-Time Auction Bidding |
Push bid updates |
Bids received with minimal delay |
14 |
Real-Time Sports Scores |
Push live scores |
Scores updated instantly |
15 |
Real-Time Voting Results |
Push poll results |
Results updated live |
16 |
Real-Time IoT Device Control |
Send control commands |
Devices respond instantly |
17 |
Real-Time Customer Support Chat |
Chat with support agent |
Messages exchanged instantly |
18 |
Real-Time Multiplayer Game |
Sync player actions |
Actions reflected instantly |
19 |
Real-Time Order Tracking |
Push order status |
Status updated live |
20 |
Real-Time Traffic Updates |
Push traffic alerts |
Alerts received instantly |
21 |
Real-Time Weather Alerts |
Push weather warnings |
Alerts received with low latency |
22 |
Real-Time Classroom Interaction |
Push quiz questions |
Students receive instantly |
23 |
Real-Time Auction Countdown |
Push countdown timer |
Timer synced live |
24 |
Real-Time Delivery ETA |
Push estimated arrival time |
ETA updated instantly |
25 |
Real-Time Social Media Feed |
Push new posts |
Feed updates instantly |
26 |
Real-Time Code Collaboration |
Sync code changes |
Changes reflected instantly |
27 |
Real-Time Dashboard Updates |
Push analytics data |
Dashboard updates live |
28 |
Real-Time Health Monitoring |
Push patient vitals |
Data received with low latency |
29 |
Real-Time Classroom Polling |
Push poll results |
Results updated instantly |
30 |
Real-Time Auction Item Status |
Push item availability |
Status updated live |
31 |
Real-Time E-commerce Inventory |
Push stock levels |
Inventory updated instantly |
32 |
Real-Time Flight Status |
Push flight updates |
Status received live |
33 |
Real-Time Server Metrics |
Push CPU/memory usage |
Metrics updated instantly |
34 |
Real-Time Network Monitoring |
Push network alerts |
Alerts received with low latency |
35 |
Real-Time Security Alerts |
Push intrusion detection |
Alerts received instantly |
36 |
Real-Time Classroom Attendance |
Push attendance status |
Status updated live |
37 |
Real-Time Package Tracking |
Push location updates |
Tracking info received instantly |
38 |
Real-Time Queue Management |
Push queue position |
Position updated live |
39 |
Real-Time Ride Sharing Updates |
Push driver location |
Location updated instantly |
40 |
Real-Time Food Delivery Updates |
Push order status |
Status received live |
41 |
Real-Time Event Scheduling |
Push schedule changes |
Changes reflected instantly |
42 |
Real-Time Emergency Broadcast |
Push emergency alerts |
Alerts received with low latency |
43 |
Real-Time Classroom Q&A |
Push student questions |
Questions received instantly |
44 |
Real-Time Voting Interaction |
Push vote counts |
Counts updated live |
45 |
Real-Time API Gateway Metrics |
Push API usage stats |
Metrics updated instantly |
46 |
Real-Time Server Log Streaming |
Push log entries |
Logs streamed live |
47 |
Real-Time Code Deployment Status |
Push deployment progress |
Status updated instantly |
48 |
Real-Time Classroom Quiz Results |
Push quiz scores |
Scores received live |
49 |
Real-Time Live Auction Viewer |
Push auction events |
Viewer updates instantly |
50 |
Latency Benchmarking |
Measure average latency across messages |
Meets low-latency thresholds |
Light weight Protocol - Testcases
# |
Test Case |
Description |
Expected Result |
|---|---|---|---|
1 |
Measure Initial Connection Time |
Time to establish WebSocket connection |
Connection time is minimal |
2 |
Avoid HTTP Headers |
Send message without HTTP headers |
No HTTP overhead observed |
3 |
No Polling Required |
Avoid repeated polling |
Messages sent instantly |
4 |
Real-Time Message Delivery |
Send message and measure delay |
Message received with minimal latency |
5 |
Real-Time Game State Update |
Push game state changes |
Updates received instantly |
6 |
Real-Time Chat |
Send chat messages |
Messages delivered instantly |
7 |
Real-Time Stock Updates |
Push stock prices |
Prices updated live |
8 |
Real-Time Notifications |
Push alerts |
Alerts received immediately |
9 |
Real-Time Sensor Data |
Stream sensor readings |
Data received with low latency |
10 |
Real-Time Video Metadata |
Send video playback info |
Metadata received instantly |
11 |
Real-Time GPS Tracking |
Push location updates |
Location updates received live |
12 |
Real-Time Collaboration |
Sync document edits |
Changes reflected instantly |
13 |
Real-Time Auction Bidding |
Push bid updates |
Bids received with minimal delay |
14 |
Real-Time Sports Scores |
Push live scores |
Scores updated instantly |
15 |
Real-Time Voting Results |
Push poll results |
Results updated live |
16 |
Real-Time IoT Device Control |
Send control commands |
Devices respond instantly |
17 |
Real-Time Customer Support Chat |
Chat with support agent |
Messages exchanged instantly |
18 |
Real-Time Multiplayer Game |
Sync player actions |
Actions reflected instantly |
19 |
Real-Time Order Tracking |
Push order status |
Status updated live |
20 |
Real-Time Traffic Updates |
Push traffic alerts |
Alerts received instantly |
21 |
Real-Time Weather Alerts |
Push weather warnings |
Alerts received with low latency |
22 |
Real-Time Classroom Interaction |
Push quiz questions |
Students receive instantly |
23 |
Real-Time Auction Countdown |
Push countdown timer |
Timer synced live |
24 |
Real-Time Delivery ETA |
Push estimated arrival time |
ETA updated instantly |
25 |
Real-Time Social Media Feed |
Push new posts |
Feed updates instantly |
26 |
Real-Time Code Collaboration |
Sync code changes |
Changes reflected instantly |
27 |
Real-Time Dashboard Updates |
Push analytics data |
Dashboard updates live |
28 |
Real-Time Health Monitoring |
Push patient vitals |
Data received with low latency |
29 |
Real-Time Classroom Polling |
Push poll results |
Results updated instantly |
30 |
Real-Time Auction Item Status |
Push item availability |
Status updated live |
31 |
Real-Time E-commerce Inventory |
Push stock levels |
Inventory updated instantly |
32 |
Real-Time Flight Status |
Push flight updates |
Status received live |
33 |
Real-Time Server Metrics |
Push CPU/memory usage |
Metrics updated instantly |
34 |
Real-Time Network Monitoring |
Push network alerts |
Alerts received with low latency |
35 |
Real-Time Security Alerts |
Push intrusion detection |
Alerts received instantly |
36 |
Real-Time Classroom Attendance |
Push attendance status |
Status updated live |
37 |
Real-Time Package Tracking |
Push location updates |
Tracking info received instantly |
38 |
Real-Time Queue Management |
Push queue position |
Position updated live |
39 |
Real-Time Ride Sharing Updates |
Push driver location |
Location updated instantly |
40 |
Real-Time Food Delivery Updates |
Push order status |
Status received live |
41 |
Real-Time Event Scheduling |
Push schedule changes |
Changes reflected instantly |
42 |
Real-Time Emergency Broadcast |
Push emergency alerts |
Alerts received with low latency |
43 |
Real-Time Classroom Q&A |
Push student questions |
Questions received instantly |
44 |
Real-Time Voting Interaction |
Push vote counts |
Counts updated live |
45 |
Real-Time API Gateway Metrics |
Push API usage stats |
Metrics updated instantly |
46 |
Real-Time Server Log Streaming |
Push log entries |
Logs streamed live |
47 |
Real-Time Code Deployment Status |
Push deployment progress |
Status updated instantly |
48 |
Real-Time Classroom Quiz Results |
Push quiz scores |
Scores received live |
49 |
Real-Time Live Auction Viewer |
Push auction events |
Viewer updates instantly |
50 |
Latency Benchmarking |
Measure average latency across messages |
Meets low-latency thresholds |
Real Time Data Transfer - Testcases
# |
Test Case |
Description |
Expected Result |
|---|---|---|---|
1 |
Instant Chat Messaging |
Send and receive chat messages |
Messages delivered instantly |
2 |
Multiplayer Game Sync |
Sync player actions in real time |
Actions reflected instantly |
3 |
Live Sports Score Updates |
Push live match scores |
Scores updated instantly |
4 |
Live News Feed |
Push breaking news |
News appears in real time |
5 |
Live Auction Bidding |
Push bid updates |
Bids reflected instantly |
6 |
Real-Time Stock Ticker |
Push stock price changes |
Prices updated live |
7 |
Live Weather Updates |
Push weather changes |
Updates received instantly |
8 |
Real-Time Video Comments |
Push viewer comments |
Comments appear instantly |
9 |
Live Classroom Quiz |
Push quiz questions and answers |
Delivered and responded instantly |
10 |
Real-Time IoT Sensor Feed |
Stream sensor data |
Data received with low latency |
11 |
Real-Time GPS Tracking |
Push location updates |
Location updated live |
12 |
Live Polling Results |
Push poll results |
Results updated instantly |
13 |
Real-Time Order Status |
Push order progress |
Status updated live |
14 |
Live Event Scheduling |
Push schedule changes |
Changes reflected instantly |
15 |
Real-Time Delivery ETA |
Push estimated arrival time |
ETA updated instantly |
16 |
Real-Time Ride Sharing Updates |
Push driver location and status |
Updates received live |
17 |
Real-Time Classroom Interaction |
Push student questions and answers |
Interaction is instant |
18 |
Real-Time Auction Countdown |
Push countdown timer |
Timer synced live |
19 |
Real-Time Server Log Streaming |
Stream logs to client |
Logs appear in real time |
20 |
Real-Time API Usage Metrics |
Push API usage stats |
Metrics updated instantly |
21 |
Real-Time Code Collaboration |
Sync code changes |
Changes reflected instantly |
22 |
Real-Time Dashboard Analytics |
Push analytics data |
Dashboard updates live |
23 |
Real-Time Health Monitoring |
Push patient vitals |
Data received with low latency |
24 |
Real-Time Classroom Attendance |
Push attendance status |
Status updated live |
25 |
Real-Time Package Tracking |
Push package location |
Tracking info received instantly |
26 |
Real-Time Queue Position |
Push queue updates |
Position updated live |
27 |
Real-Time Food Delivery Updates |
Push order status |
Status received live |
28 |
Real-Time Emergency Alerts |
Push emergency notifications |
Alerts received instantly |
29 |
Real-Time Voting Interaction |
Push vote counts |
Counts updated live |
30 |
Real-Time Classroom Quiz Results |
Push quiz scores |
Scores received live |
31 |
Real-Time Social Media Feed |
Push new posts |
Feed updates instantly |
32 |
Real-Time Classroom Q&A |
Push student questions |
Questions received instantly |
33 |
Real-Time Server Metrics |
Push CPU/memory usage |
Metrics updated instantly |
34 |
Real-Time Network Monitoring |
Push network alerts |
Alerts received with low latency |
35 |
Real-Time Security Alerts |
Push intrusion detection |
Alerts received instantly |
36 |
Real-Time Classroom Polling |
Push poll results |
Results updated instantly |
37 |
Real-Time Auction Item Status |
Push item availability |
Status updated live |
38 |
Real-Time Inventory Updates |
Push stock levels |
Inventory updated instantly |
39 |
Real-Time Flight Status |
Push flight updates |
Status received live |
40 |
Real-Time Classroom Quiz Push |
Push quiz questions |
Questions received instantly |
41 |
Real-Time Deployment Status |
Push deployment progress |
Status updated instantly |
42 |
Real-Time Classroom Schedule |
Push schedule changes |
Changes reflected instantly |
43 |
Real-Time Classroom Feedback |
Push feedback from students |
Feedback received instantly |
44 |
Real-Time Classroom Voting |
Push vote results |
Results updated live |
45 |
Real-Time Classroom Materials |
Push study materials |
Materials received instantly |
46 |
Real-Time Classroom Notifications |
Push announcements |
Notifications received instantly |
47 |
Real-Time Classroom Chat |
Push messages between students |
Messages delivered instantly |
48 |
Real-Time Classroom Reminders |
Push reminders |
Reminders received instantly |
49 |
Real-Time Classroom Grades |
Push grade updates |
Grades received live |
50 |
Latency Benchmarking |
Measure average latency across messages |
Meets low-latency thresholds |
Cross Platform Support - Testcases
# |
Test Case |
Description |
Expected Result |
|---|---|---|---|
1 |
Chrome Browser Support |
Test WebSocket on Chrome |
Connection successful |
2 |
Firefox Browser Support |
Test WebSocket on Firefox |
Connection successful |
3 |
Safari Browser Support |
Test WebSocket on Safari |
Connection successful |
4 |
Edge Browser Support |
Test WebSocket on Edge |
Connection successful |
5 |
Opera Browser Support |
Test WebSocket on Opera |
Connection successful |
6 |
Android Browser Support |
Test WebSocket on Android devices |
Connection successful |
7 |
iOS Browser Support |
Test WebSocket on iOS devices |
Connection successful |
8 |
Windows OS Support |
Test WebSocket on Windows |
Connection successful |
9 |
macOS Support |
Test WebSocket on macOS |
Connection successful |
10 |
Linux OS Support |
Test WebSocket on Linux |
Connection successful |
11 |
Node.js Server Support |
Implement WebSocket server in Node.js |
Server runs successfully |
12 |
Python Server Support |
Implement WebSocket server in Python |
Server runs successfully |
13 |
Java Server Support |
Implement WebSocket server in Java |
Server runs successfully |
14 |
Go Server Support |
Implement WebSocket server in Go |
Server runs successfully |
15 |
PHP Server Support |
Implement WebSocket server in PHP |
Server runs successfully |
16 |
.NET Server Support |
Implement WebSocket server in .NET |
Server runs successfully |
17 |
Ruby Server Support |
Implement WebSocket server in Ruby |
Server runs successfully |
18 |
React Integration |
Use WebSocket in React app |
Messages received successfully |
19 |
Angular Integration |
Use WebSocket in Angular app |
Messages received successfully |
20 |
Vue.js Integration |
Use WebSocket in Vue.js app |
Messages received successfully |
21 |
Cordova App Support |
Use WebSocket in Cordova app |
Connection successful |
22 |
React Native App Support |
Use WebSocket in React Native app |
Connection successful |
23 |
Flutter App Support |
Use WebSocket in Flutter app |
Connection successful |
24 |
Progressive Web App Support |
Use WebSocket in PWA |
Real-time updates work |
25 |
Raspberry Pi Support |
Connect WebSocket from Raspberry Pi |
Connection successful |
26 |
ESP32 Device Support |
Connect WebSocket from ESP32 |
Connection successful |
27 |
API Gateway Compatibility |
Route WebSocket through API Gateway |
Traffic handled correctly |
28 |
Load Balancer Compatibility |
Use WebSocket with load balancer |
Persistent connection maintained |
29 |
CDN Compatibility |
Use WebSocket with CDN (e.g., Cloudflare) |
Traffic routed successfully |
30 |
Secure WebSocket (WSS) Support |
Test encrypted WebSocket connection |
Secure connection established |
31 |
HTTP/2 Compatibility |
Test WebSocket over HTTP/2 |
Connection successful |
32 |
IPv6 Compatibility |
Test WebSocket over IPv6 |
Connection successful |
33 |
NAT Traversal |
Test WebSocket behind NAT |
Connection successful |
34 |
Firewall Traversal |
Test WebSocket behind firewall |
Connection successful |
35 |
Proxy Server Compatibility |
Test WebSocket through proxy |
Connection successful |
36 |
Cross-Origin Communication |
Connect across different domains |
CORS policies respected |
37 |
Multi-Device Sync |
Connect from multiple devices |
Messages sync across devices |
38 |
Multi-Platform Client Sync |
Connect from desktop, mobile, and tablet |
All clients receive updates |
39 |
Legacy Browser Fallback |
Detect unsupported browsers |
Fallback to polling or notify user |
40 |
WebSocket Client Library Support |
Use popular client libraries (e.g., Socket.IO) |
Connection successful |
41 |
WebSocket Server Library Support |
Use popular server libraries (e.g., ws, Tornado) |
Server runs successfully |
42 |
Docker Container Support |
Run WebSocket server in Docker |
Containerized server works |
43 |
Kubernetes Deployment |
Deploy WebSocket server in Kubernetes |
Connection stable |
44 |
Cloud Hosting Support |
Deploy WebSocket on AWS, Azure, GCP |
Connection stable |
45 |
Virtual Machine Support |
Run WebSocket server on VM |
Connection successful |
46 |
WebSocket over VPN |
Test WebSocket through VPN |
Connection successful |
47 |
WebSocket over Mobile Network |
Test WebSocket on 4G/5G |
Connection stable |
48 |
WebSocket over Satellite Internet |
Test WebSocket on satellite link |
Connection successful |
49 |
Compatibility Benchmarking |
Evaluate across platforms |
Consistent behavior observed |
50 |
Real-Time Sync Across Platforms |
Test real-time sync across all platforms |
Updates received instantly |
Firewall Friendly - Testcases
# |
Test Case |
Description |
Expected Result |
|---|---|---|---|
1 |
Connect via Port 80 |
Establish WebSocket over port 80 |
Connection successful |
2 |
Connect via Port 443 |
Establish WebSocket over port 443 |
Connection successful |
3 |
HTTP Proxy Traversal |
Connect through HTTP proxy |
WebSocket connection established |
4 |
HTTPS Proxy Traversal |
Connect through HTTPS proxy |
WebSocket connection established |
5 |
Corporate Firewall Bypass |
Connect from behind corporate firewall |
Connection successful |
6 |
School Network Access |
Connect from restricted school network |
Connection successful |
7 |
Public Wi-Fi Access |
Connect from public Wi-Fi |
Connection successful |
8 |
Mobile Network Access |
Connect via mobile data network |
Connection successful |
9 |
NAT Traversal |
Connect from behind NAT |
Connection successful |
10 |
No Custom Port Required |
Avoid non-standard ports |
Uses only 80/443 |
11 |
WebSocket over TLS |
Establish secure WebSocket (wss://) |
Secure connection established |
12 |
WebSocket over Plain HTTP |
Establish non-secure WebSocket (ws://) |
Connection established |
13 |
Proxy Authentication |
Connect through authenticated proxy |
Connection successful |
14 |
Transparent Proxy Support |
Connect through transparent proxy |
Connection successful |
15 |
Deep Packet Inspection Bypass |
Avoid DPI blocking |
WebSocket traffic not blocked |
16 |
Port Blocking Resistance |
Test with non-443/80 ports blocked |
Connection still works |
17 |
VPN Compatibility |
Connect via VPN |
WebSocket connection stable |
18 |
WebSocket Upgrade Header |
Validate HTTP upgrade to WebSocket |
Upgrade successful |
19 |
Reverse Proxy Compatibility |
Connect through reverse proxy (e.g., NGINX) |
Connection successful |
20 |
Load Balancer Compatibility |
Connect through load balancer |
Connection successful |
21 |
CDN Compatibility |
Connect through CDN (e.g., Cloudflare) |
Connection successful |
22 |
IPv6 Support |
Connect using IPv6 |
Connection successful |
23 |
IPv4 Support |
Connect using IPv4 |
Connection successful |
24 |
DNS Resolution |
Resolve WebSocket server domain |
DNS resolves correctly |
25 |
TLS Handshake |
Validate TLS handshake for wss:// |
Handshake successful |
26 |
SSL Certificate Validation |
Validate server certificate |
Certificate trusted |
27 |
Self-Signed Certificate Handling |
Connect with self-signed cert |
Connection fails or warns (expected) |
28 |
Proxy Timeout Handling |
Handle proxy timeouts |
Graceful fallback |
29 |
Proxy Reconnection |
Reconnect after proxy drop |
Reconnection successful |
30 |
Firewall Timeout Handling |
Handle idle timeout from firewall |
Reconnect or keep-alive sent |
31 |
Keep-Alive Mechanism |
Send ping/pong to keep connection alive |
Connection maintained |
32 |
WebSocket Compression Support |
Use permessage-deflate |
Compression negotiated |
33 |
WebSocket Fragmentation |
Send fragmented messages |
Reassembled correctly |
34 |
Proxy Load Testing |
Simulate high load through proxy |
Connection remains stable |
35 |
Port Scanning Resistance |
Avoid detection via port scanning |
WebSocket not flagged |
36 |
Proxy Failover |
Switch to backup proxy |
Connection re-established |
37 |
Proxy Rotation |
Rotate proxies dynamically |
Connection remains stable |
38 |
Proxy Logging |
Ensure minimal sensitive data in logs |
Logs are clean |
39 |
Proxy Caching |
Avoid caching of WebSocket traffic |
No caching observed |
40 |
Transparent Firewall Traversal |
Connect through transparent firewall |
Connection successful |
41 |
Stateful Firewall Compatibility |
Maintain session through stateful firewall |
Session persists |
42 |
Stateless Firewall Compatibility |
Maintain session through stateless firewall |
Session persists |
43 |
WebSocket Ping Test |
Send ping and receive pong |
Connection alive |
44 |
WebSocket Reconnect Logic |
Reconnect after firewall drop |
Reconnection successful |
45 |
WebSocket Port Scan Evasion |
Avoid detection by port scanners |
Connection not flagged |
46 |
WebSocket with CDN Edge Nodes |
Connect via CDN edge nodes |
Connection successful |
47 |
WebSocket with Geo-Blocked Regions |
Connect from geo-restricted region |
Connection successful (if allowed) |
48 |
WebSocket with ISP Restrictions |
Connect under ISP throttling |
Connection stable |
49 |
WebSocket with Captive Portals |
Connect from network with captive portal |
Connection fails until login (expected) |
50 |
WebSocket Port Fallback |
Fallback to available port if 443 blocked |
Connection re-established on port 80 |
Binary and Text Support - Testcases
# |
Test Case |
Description |
Expected Result |
|---|---|---|---|
1 |
Send UTF-8 Text |
Transmit plain UTF-8 text |
Text received correctly |
2 |
Receive UTF-8 Text |
Receive plain UTF-8 text |
Text received correctly |
3 |
Send JSON String |
Transmit JSON-formatted text |
JSON parsed successfully |
4 |
Send XML String |
Transmit XML-formatted text |
XML parsed successfully |
5 |
Send Binary Image |
Transmit image as binary |
Image received and rendered |
6 |
Send Binary File |
Transmit file as binary |
File received and saved |
7 |
Send Audio Stream |
Transmit audio data in binary |
Audio played correctly |
8 |
Send Video Stream |
Transmit video data in binary |
Video played correctly |
9 |
Send PDF File |
Transmit PDF document |
PDF opened successfully |
10 |
Send Binary Blob |
Transmit binary blob |
Blob received intact |
11 |
Send Mixed Data Types |
Alternate between text and binary |
Both types received correctly |
12 |
Send Base64 Encoded Binary |
Send binary as base64 string |
Decoded and verified |
13 |
Send Unicode Characters |
Transmit multilingual text |
Characters rendered correctly |
14 |
Send Emoji |
Transmit emoji characters |
Emoji displayed correctly |
15 |
Send HTML Content |
Transmit HTML-formatted text |
HTML rendered correctly |
16 |
Send Markdown Content |
Transmit markdown-formatted text |
Markdown parsed correctly |
17 |
Send CSV File |
Transmit CSV file in binary |
File parsed and opened |
18 |
Send Excel File |
Transmit XLSX file |
File opened successfully |
19 |
Send Binary Stream in Chunks |
Send binary data in multiple frames |
Reassembled correctly |
20 |
Send Text Stream in Chunks |
Send text data in multiple frames |
Reassembled correctly |
21 |
Send Encrypted Binary Data |
Transmit encrypted binary payload |
Decrypted successfully |
22 |
Send Encrypted Text Data |
Transmit encrypted text |
Decrypted successfully |
23 |
Send Binary with Metadata |
Send binary with accompanying metadata |
Both received correctly |
24 |
Send Text with Metadata |
Send text with accompanying metadata |
Both received correctly |
25 |
Send Binary Image with Caption |
Send image and caption text |
Both received and displayed |
26 |
Send Binary ZIP File |
Transmit ZIP archive |
File extracted successfully |
27 |
Send Binary Executable |
Transmit .exe or .bin file |
File received intact |
28 |
Send Binary Firmware File |
Transmit firmware update |
File received and verified |
29 |
Send Binary Sensor Data |
Transmit binary-encoded sensor readings |
Data parsed correctly |
30 |
Send Binary Log File |
Transmit binary log file |
File opened and read |
31 |
Send Binary Image with Preview |
Send image and preview thumbnail |
Both displayed correctly |
32 |
Send Binary Audio with Transcript |
Send audio and text transcript |
Both received correctly |
33 |
Send Binary Video with Subtitles |
Send video and subtitle file |
Both synced and displayed |
34 |
Send Binary with Checksum |
Send binary with checksum for validation |
Checksum verified |
35 |
Send Binary with Compression |
Send compressed binary data |
Decompressed successfully |
36 |
Send Binary with Fragmentation |
Send fragmented binary frames |
Reassembled correctly |
37 |
Send Binary with Error Injection |
Send corrupted binary data |
Error detected |
38 |
Send Binary with Retry Logic |
Retry on failed binary transmission |
Retransmission successful |
39 |
Send Binary with Acknowledgment |
Await ACK after binary send |
ACK received |
40 |
Send Binary with Timeout Handling |
Handle timeout during binary send |
Timeout managed gracefully |
41 |
Send Binary with Priority Queue |
Prioritize binary over text |
Binary sent first |
42 |
Send Binary with Rate Limiting |
Throttle binary transmission |
Rate respected |
43 |
Send Binary with Encryption Header |
Include encryption metadata |
Header parsed correctly |
44 |
Send Binary with MIME Type |
Include MIME type in metadata |
Type recognized correctly |
45 |
Send Binary with File Name |
Include file name in metadata |
File saved with correct name |
46 |
Send Binary with Timestamp |
Include timestamp in metadata |
Timestamp parsed correctly |
47 |
Send Binary with User ID |
Include user ID in metadata |
User identified correctly |
48 |
Send Binary with Session Token |
Include session token for auth |
Token validated |
49 |
Send Binary with Compression Header |
Include compression metadata |
Compression handled correctly |
50 |
Binary/Text Mode Switching |
Switch between binary and text modes |
Mode switch successful |
Built in Ping Pong Frames - Testcases
# |
Test Case |
Description |
Expected Result |
|---|---|---|---|
1 |
Send Ping Frame |
Send a ping frame to client |
Pong received |
2 |
Receive Ping Frame |
Receive a ping frame from client |
Pong sent |
3 |
Ping Interval |
Send ping at regular intervals |
Connection remains alive |
4 |
Pong Response Time |
Measure time to receive pong |
Response within threshold |
5 |
No Pong Timeout |
No pong received within timeout |
Connection closed |
6 |
Idle Connection Keep-Alive |
Keep idle connection alive using ping |
Connection maintained |
7 |
Server-Initiated Ping |
Server sends ping to client |
Pong received |
8 |
Client-Initiated Ping |
Client sends ping to server |
Pong received |
9 |
Ping with Payload |
Send ping with payload |
Payload echoed in pong |
10 |
Pong with Payload |
Receive pong with payload |
Payload matches ping |
11 |
Ping Frame Size Limit |
Send max size ping frame |
Frame accepted |
12 |
Pong Frame Size Limit |
Receive max size pong frame |
Frame accepted |
13 |
Ping During Data Transfer |
Send ping while sending data |
No disruption in data |
14 |
Pong During Data Transfer |
Receive pong while receiving data |
No disruption in data |
15 |
Ping After Reconnect |
Send ping after reconnect |
Pong received |
16 |
Ping on Mobile Network |
Send ping over mobile data |
Pong received |
17 |
Ping on Wi-Fi |
Send ping over Wi-Fi |
Pong received |
18 |
Ping on VPN |
Send ping over VPN |
Pong received |
19 |
Ping on Proxy |
Send ping through proxy |
Pong received |
20 |
Ping on Slow Network |
Send ping on high-latency network |
Pong received with delay |
21 |
Ping on Dropped Connection |
Send ping after network drop |
No pong, connection closed |
22 |
Ping on Recovered Connection |
Send ping after network recovery |
Pong received |
23 |
Ping with Fragmented Frame |
Send fragmented ping frame |
Pong received |
24 |
Pong with Fragmented Frame |
Receive fragmented pong frame |
Frame reassembled |
25 |
Ping with Compression Enabled |
Send ping with compression |
Pong received |
26 |
Pong with Compression Enabled |
Receive pong with compression |
Pong received |
27 |
Ping with Binary Data |
Send binary payload in ping |
Pong echoes binary |
28 |
Ping with Text Data |
Send text payload in ping |
Pong echoes text |
29 |
Ping with Unicode Payload |
Send Unicode characters in ping |
Pong echoes correctly |
30 |
Ping with Empty Payload |
Send ping with no payload |
Pong received |
31 |
Ping with Max Frequency |
Send pings rapidly |
Connection remains stable |
32 |
Ping with Low Frequency |
Send pings infrequently |
Connection remains alive |
33 |
Ping with Server Load |
Send ping under high server load |
Pong received |
34 |
Ping with Client Load |
Send ping under high client load |
Pong received |
35 |
Ping with Firewall |
Send ping through firewall |
Pong received |
36 |
Ping with NAT |
Send ping behind NAT |
Pong received |
37 |
Ping with TLS |
Send ping over secure WebSocket (wss://) |
Pong received |
38 |
Ping with Plain WebSocket |
Send ping over ws:// |
Pong received |
39 |
Ping with Invalid Opcode |
Send invalid ping opcode |
Connection closed |
40 |
Pong with Invalid Opcode |
Receive invalid pong opcode |
Connection closed |
41 |
Ping with Delayed Pong |
Simulate delayed pong |
Connection closes after timeout |
42 |
Ping with Packet Loss |
Simulate packet loss |
Connection closes after timeout |
43 |
Ping with Reconnection Logic |
Trigger reconnect on ping failure |
Reconnection successful |
44 |
Ping with Logging Enabled |
Log ping/pong frames |
Logs show correct sequence |
45 |
Ping with Monitoring Tool |
Monitor ping/pong using external tool |
Frames visible in tool |
46 |
Ping with Custom Timeout |
Set custom timeout for pong |
Timeout respected |
47 |
Ping with Custom Interval |
Set custom ping interval |
Interval respected |
48 |
Ping with Multiple Clients |
Send ping to multiple clients |
All respond with pong |
49 |
Ping with Server Restart |
Send ping after server restart |
Pong received |
50 |
Ping with Client Restart |
Send ping after client restart |
Pong received |
Protocol Upgrade from HTTP - Testcases
# |
Test Case |
Description |
Expected Result |
|---|---|---|---|
1 |
Basic Upgrade Request |
Send HTTP request with Upgrade: websocket header |
Connection upgraded to WebSocket |
2 |
Missing Upgrade Header |
Send HTTP request without Upgrade header |
Connection remains HTTP |
3 |
Invalid Upgrade Header |
Send HTTP request with invalid Upgrade value |
Upgrade rejected |
4 |
Missing Connection Header |
Omit Connection: Upgrade header |
Upgrade rejected |
5 |
Invalid Connection Header |
Use incorrect Connection header value |
Upgrade rejected |
6 |
Valid WebSocket Key |
Include valid Sec-WebSocket-Key header |
Upgrade accepted |
7 |
Invalid WebSocket Key |
Include malformed Sec-WebSocket-Key header |
Upgrade rejected |
8 |
Missing WebSocket Version |
Omit Sec-WebSocket-Version header |
Upgrade rejected |
9 |
Unsupported WebSocket Version |
Use unsupported version in Sec-WebSocket-Version |
Upgrade rejected |
10 |
Valid Upgrade Response |
Server responds with 101 Switching Protocols |
WebSocket connection established |
11 |
Invalid Upgrade Response Code |
Server responds with non-101 status code |
Upgrade fails |
12 |
Upgrade with Query Parameters |
Include query parameters in upgrade request |
Upgrade succeeds |
13 |
Upgrade with Custom Headers |
Include custom headers in upgrade request |
Headers received by server |
14 |
Upgrade with Authentication |
Include auth token in upgrade request |
Token validated |
15 |
Upgrade with Cookies |
Include cookies in upgrade request |
Cookies received by server |
16 |
Upgrade over HTTPS |
Use wss:// for secure upgrade |
Secure WebSocket established |
17 |
Upgrade over HTTP |
Use ws:// for upgrade |
WebSocket established |
18 |
Upgrade with Proxy |
Perform upgrade through HTTP proxy |
Upgrade succeeds |
19 |
Upgrade with Load Balancer |
Perform upgrade through load balancer |
Upgrade succeeds |
20 |
Upgrade with Firewall |
Perform upgrade through firewall |
Upgrade succeeds |
21 |
Upgrade with NAT |
Perform upgrade behind NAT |
Upgrade succeeds |
22 |
Upgrade with IPv6 |
Use IPv6 address for upgrade |
Upgrade succeeds |
23 |
Upgrade with IPv4 |
Use IPv4 address for upgrade |
Upgrade succeeds |
24 |
Upgrade with TLS Certificate |
Use valid TLS certificate for wss:// |
Secure connection established |
25 |
Upgrade with Expired Certificate |
Use expired TLS certificate |
Upgrade fails |
26 |
Upgrade with Self-Signed Cert |
Use self-signed TLS certificate |
Upgrade may fail depending on client |
27 |
Upgrade with Redirect |
Server responds with redirect before upgrade |
Upgrade fails |
28 |
Upgrade with CORS |
Perform upgrade with cross-origin request |
Upgrade succeeds/fails based on policy |
29 |
Upgrade with Subprotocols |
Request specific subprotocols |
Server selects supported subprotocol |
30 |
Upgrade with Compression |
Request permessage-deflate extension |
Compression negotiated |
31 |
Upgrade with Fragmented Request |
Send fragmented HTTP upgrade request |
Upgrade succeeds |
32 |
Upgrade with Large Headers |
Send upgrade request with large headers |
Upgrade succeeds |
33 |
Upgrade with Rate Limiting |
Send multiple upgrade requests rapidly |
Some requests rejected |
34 |
Upgrade with Throttling |
Server throttles upgrade requests |
Upgrade delayed |
35 |
Upgrade with Server Restart |
Attempt upgrade after server restart |
Upgrade succeeds |
36 |
Upgrade with Client Restart |
Attempt upgrade after client restart |
Upgrade succeeds |
37 |
Upgrade with Keep-Alive |
Use keep-alive header in upgrade request |
Connection maintained |
38 |
Upgrade with Connection Close |
Use Connection: close header |
Upgrade rejected |
39 |
Upgrade with Invalid Path |
Use invalid WebSocket endpoint path |
Upgrade fails |
40 |
Upgrade with Valid Path |
Use valid WebSocket endpoint path |
Upgrade succeeds |
41 |
Upgrade with HTTP/2 |
Attempt upgrade over HTTP/2 |
Upgrade fails (not supported) |
42 |
Upgrade with HTTP/1.1 |
Attempt upgrade over HTTP/1.1 |
Upgrade succeeds |
43 |
Upgrade with Custom Origin |
Use custom Origin header |
Upgrade succeeds/fails based on policy |
44 |
Upgrade with Logging Enabled |
Enable logging during upgrade |
Logs show upgrade sequence |
45 |
Upgrade with Monitoring Tool |
Monitor upgrade using external tool |
Upgrade visible in tool |
46 |
Upgrade with Retry Logic |
Retry upgrade on failure |
Upgrade succeeds after retry |
47 |
Upgrade with Timeout |
Simulate timeout during upgrade |
Upgrade fails |
48 |
Upgrade with Delayed Response |
Server delays upgrade response |
Upgrade succeeds/fails based on timeout |
49 |
Upgrade with Multiple Clients |
Multiple clients attempt upgrade simultaneously |
All connections upgraded |
50 |
Upgrade with Server Overload |
Attempt upgrade during server overload |
Some upgrades fail |
Reference links