DLNA - Digital Living Network Alliance
What is DLNA?
DLNA stands for Digital Living Network Alliance. It’s a set of guidelines that allows devices like TVs, smartphones, computers, and media players to share digital media (like videos, music, and photos) over a home network.
Why is DLNA Useful?
Without DLNA, sharing media between devices would require manual transfers or cables. DLNA makes it easy to stream content wirelessly between compatible devices, creating a seamless multimedia experience at home.
How it works?
DLNA devices connect to the same network – All devices must be on the same Wi-Fi or LAN.
Media server shares content – A device (like a PC or NAS) acts as a DLNA server, storing and sharing media.
Media player accesses content – Another device (like a smart TV or phone) acts as a DLNA client, browsing and playing the shared media.
Streaming begins – The client streams the selected media directly from the server.
Where is DLNA used?
Home entertainment systems – Stream movies from your PC to your smart TV.
Smartphones and tablets – View photos or play music from your phone on a DLNA-enabled speaker or TV.
Gaming consoles – Devices like PlayStation and Xbox support DLNA for media playback.
Media servers – Devices like Plex or Windows Media Player can act as DLNA servers.
Which OSI layer does this protocol belong to?
It provides services directly to users and applications (like media players).
It uses protocols like HTTP, UPnP, and DLNA-specific profiles to manage media discovery and streaming.
It handles content negotiation, metadata exchange, and control commands, all of which are application-level functions.
Topics in this section,
In this section, you are going to learn
Terminology
Version Info
sno |
DLNA Version |
core/Contribution |
RFC Details |
Year |
|---|---|---|---|---|
1 |
HLS v1v6 |
Apple Inc. (internal evolution, not standardized) |
Not published as RFCs |
20092016 |
2 |
HLS v7 |
|
RFC 8216 HTTP Live Streaming |
2017 |
3 |
HLS v8v10 |
Apple Inc. (ongoing updates via Internet-Drafts) |
draft-pantos-hls-rfc8216bis (2nd Edition, not yet RFC) |
20232025 (in progress) |
Setup
Setup
HTTP Request Packet
S.No |
Protocol Packets |
Description |
Size(Bytes) |
|---|---|---|---|
1 |
HTTP Request (SOAP Action) |
Used by control points to send commands to DLNA devices |
Variable |
POST /service/control |
HTTP method and endpoint |
Variable |
|
HOST |
IP and port of the DLNA device |
Variable |
|
CONTENT-TYPE |
Usually text/xml; charset=”utf-8” |
~30 bytes |
|
SOAPACTION |
Specifies the UPnP action (e.g., “urn:schemas-upnp-org:service:AVTransport:1#Play”) |
~100 bytes |
|
Content-Length |
Length of the XML body |
Variable |
|
SOAP Body |
XML-formatted command (e.g., <u:Play>…</u:Play>) |
Variable |
HTTP Response Packet
S.No |
Protocol Packets |
Description |
Size(Bytes) |
|---|---|---|---|
2 |
HTTP Response (SOAP Result) |
Response from DLNA device to control point |
Variable |
HTTP/1.1 200 OK |
Status line |
~15 bytes |
|
Content-Type |
Same as request |
~30 bytes |
|
Content-Length |
Length of the response body |
Variable |
|
SOAP Body |
XML-formatted response (e.g., <u:PlayResponse>…</u:PlayResponse>) |
Variable |
SSDP Discovery Packet
S.No |
Protocol Packets |
Description |
Size(Bytes) |
|---|---|---|---|
3 |
SSDP Discovery Packet |
Used for device discovery on the network |
~200500 bytes |
M-SEARCH Method |
Used to search for DLNA devices |
~1020 bytes |
|
HOST |
Multicast address 239.255.255.250:1900 |
~25 bytes |
|
MAN |
ssdp:discover |
~20 bytes |
|
MX |
Maximum wait time in seconds |
~5 bytes |
|
ST |
Search target (e.g., urn:schemas-upnp-org:device:MediaServer:1) |
~50100 bytes |
AVTransport Action Response Packet
S.No |
Protocol Packets |
Description |
Size(Bytes) |
|---|---|---|---|
4 |
AVTransport Action |
Controls playback (Play, Pause, Stop, Seek) |
Variable |
InstanceID |
Identifies the media session |
24 bytes |
|
Speed |
Playback speed (e.g., “1”) |
12 bytes |
|
CurrentURI |
URI of the media to play |
Variable |
|
CurrentURIMetaData |
DLNA metadata in DIDL-Lite format |
Variable |
ContentDirectory Action Packet
S.No |
Protocol Packets |
Description |
Size(Bytes) |
|---|---|---|---|
5 |
ContentDirectory Action |
Browses or searches media content |
Variable |
ObjectID |
ID of the container or item |
Variable |
|
BrowseFlag |
BrowseDirectChildren or “BrowseMetadata” |
~20 bytes |
|
Filter |
Metadata fields to return |
Variable |
|
StartingIndex |
For pagination |
24 bytes |
|
RequestedCount |
Number of items to return |
24 bytes |
sno |
Use Case |
Description |
|---|---|---|
1 |
Media Streaming |
Stream videos, music, and photos from a DLNA server (e.g., PC or NAS) to a DLNA client (e.g., smart TV or game console). |
2 |
Smart TV Integration |
Watch content stored on a smartphone or PC directly on a DLNA-certified smart TV without cables. |
3 |
Home Media Server |
Use a DLNA-enabled NAS or PC as a central media server accessible by all DLNA devices in the home. |
4 |
Mobile Device Sharing |
Share media from a smartphone to a DLNA-compatible speaker or TV using apps that support DLNA. |
5 |
Multi-Room Audio |
Play synchronized music across multiple DLNA-compatible speakers in different rooms. |
6 |
Gaming Console Media Playback |
Use consoles like PlayStation or Xbox to access and play media from a DLNA server. |
7 |
Digital Photo Frame Display |
Automatically display photos from a DLNA server on a digital photo frame. |
8 |
Remote Media Access |
Access home media remotely via DLNA-compatible apps and services that support remote access. |
9 |
Media Control via Tablet/Phone |
Use a mobile device as a remote control to browse and play media on other DLNA devices. |
10 |
Office Presentations |
Stream presentation files from a laptop to a DLNA-enabled projector or display in a meeting room. |
sno |
Feature |
Description |
|---|---|---|
1 |
Interoperability |
Ensures seamless communication between certified devices from different manufacturers. |
2 |
Media Sharing |
Allows sharing of digital media (videos, music, photos) across devices on the same network. |
3 |
Device Roles |
Defines roles like Digital Media Server (DMS), Digital Media Player (DMP), Digital Media Renderer (DMR), and |
Digital Media Controller (DMC). |
||
4 |
Auto Discovery |
Uses UPnP (Universal Plug and Play) for automatic discovery of DLNA devices on the network. |
5 |
Streaming Support |
Supports real-time streaming of media without needing to download files. |
6 |
Format Compatibility |
Supports a wide range of media formats and codecs defined in DLNA guidelines. |
7 |
Remote Control |
Enables control of media playback on one device using another (e.g., phone controlling TV). |
8 |
Content Protection |
Supports DRM (Digital Rights Management) for protected content using DTCP-IP. |
9 |
Network Agnostic |
Works over Ethernet, Wi-Fi, and other IP-based networks. |
10 |
Low Configuration |
Minimal setup required; devices typically work out-of-the-box once connected to the same network. |
Interoperability - Testcases
S.No |
Test Case |
Description |
Expected Result |
|---|---|---|---|
1 |
Media Server Discovery |
Discover DLNA server on network |
Server is detected |
2 |
Media Renderer Discovery |
Discover DLNA renderer |
Renderer is detected |
3 |
Media Controller Discovery |
Discover DLNA controller |
Controller is detected |
4 |
Cross-Vendor Streaming |
Stream from Vendor A to Vendor B |
Media plays successfully |
5 |
Audio File Playback |
Play MP3 from server to renderer |
Audio plays correctly |
6 |
Video File Playback |
Play MP4 from server to renderer |
Video plays correctly |
7 |
Image File Display |
Display JPEG on renderer |
Image displays correctly |
8 |
Format Compatibility |
Test various media formats |
Supported formats play |
9 |
Subtitle Support |
Stream video with subtitles |
Subtitles display correctly |
10 |
Pause/Resume Support |
Pause and resume playback |
Playback resumes correctly |
11 |
Seek Functionality |
Seek to a timestamp |
Playback jumps to correct time |
12 |
Stop Playback |
Stop media from controller |
Playback stops |
13 |
Volume Control |
Adjust volume from controller |
Volume changes on renderer |
14 |
Mute/Unmute |
Mute and unmute renderer |
Audio mutes/unmutes correctly |
15 |
Playlist Support |
Play a playlist of files |
Playlist plays sequentially |
16 |
Multi-Device Control |
Control multiple renderers |
Each responds correctly |
17 |
Device Renaming |
Rename DLNA device |
New name appears on network |
18 |
Network Change |
Switch Wi-Fi networks |
Devices reconnect and function |
19 |
IP Address Change |
Change device IP |
Device still discoverable |
20 |
Firewall Compatibility |
Enable firewall |
DLNA still functions |
21 |
NAT Traversal |
Use DLNA across NAT |
Devices communicate successfully |
22 |
IPv6 Support |
Use IPv6 network |
DLNA devices discoverable |
23 |
IPv4 Support |
Use IPv4 network |
DLNA devices discoverable |
24 |
Mixed OS Support |
Use Windows, Android, iOS |
All devices interoperate |
25 |
DLNA Certification Check |
Use certified devices |
Full compatibility ensured |
26 |
Non-Certified Device |
Use non-certified device |
Limited or no functionality |
27 |
Media Metadata Display |
Show title, artist, etc. |
Metadata displays correctly |
28 |
Album Art Display |
Show album art |
Art displays on renderer |
29 |
DLNA Profile Matching |
Match media profile to renderer |
Correct profile used |
30 |
Transcoding Support |
Transcode unsupported format |
Media plays after conversion |
31 |
Renderer Busy Handling |
Send media to busy renderer |
Playback queued or rejected |
32 |
Server Load Handling |
Multiple clients access server |
Server handles load |
33 |
Controller UI Feedback |
Show playback status |
UI updates in real-time |
34 |
Device Sleep/Wake |
Wake sleeping device |
Device wakes and resumes |
35 |
Power Off Handling |
Power off renderer |
Playback stops gracefully |
36 |
Device Reboot Handling |
Reboot server |
Devices reconnect automatically |
37 |
Media Browsing |
Browse folders on server |
Folder structure visible |
38 |
Media Sorting |
Sort by name/date/type |
Sorting works correctly |
39 |
Media Filtering |
Filter by type or genre |
Filter applies correctly |
40 |
Parental Control |
Restrict access to content |
Restricted content hidden |
41 |
Access Control |
Allow/block devices |
Only allowed devices connect |
42 |
DLNA Logging |
Enable logs |
Logs show device interactions |
43 |
DLNA Error Handling |
Simulate error |
Error handled gracefully |
44 |
DLNA Version Compatibility |
Use different DLNA versions |
Devices interoperate |
45 |
Simultaneous Streams |
Stream to multiple renderers |
All streams play correctly |
46 |
Device Timeout |
Idle device times out |
Device disconnects gracefully |
47 |
Device Reconnection |
Reconnect after disconnection |
Device resumes functionality |
48 |
Media Upload |
Upload media to server |
File appears in library |
49 |
Media Deletion |
Delete media from server |
File removed from library |
50 |
DLNA Over Ethernet |
Use wired connection |
Devices discover and stream |
Media Sharing - Testcases
S.No |
Test Case |
Description |
Expected Result |
|---|---|---|---|
1 |
Share Audio File |
Share MP3 from server |
Audio plays on renderer |
2 |
Share Video File |
Share MP4 from server |
Video plays on renderer |
3 |
Share Image File |
Share JPEG from server |
Image displays on renderer |
4 |
Share Folder |
Share entire media folder |
All files accessible |
5 |
Share Playlist |
Share M3U playlist |
Playlist plays in order |
6 |
Share Large File |
Share large video file |
File streams without issue |
7 |
Share Multiple Files |
Share multiple files at once |
All files accessible |
8 |
Share with Multiple Devices |
Share to multiple renderers |
All devices receive stream |
9 |
Share with Smart TV |
Share media to Smart TV |
TV plays media |
10 |
Share with Mobile Device |
Share to Android/iOS device |
Media plays on mobile |
11 |
Share with Game Console |
Share to console (e.g., PS/Xbox) |
Media plays on console |
12 |
Share with PC |
Share to Windows/Mac/Linux |
Media plays on PC |
13 |
Share via Wi-Fi |
Share over wireless network |
Media streams successfully |
14 |
Share via Ethernet |
Share over wired network |
Media streams successfully |
15 |
Share with Transcoding |
Transcode unsupported format |
Media plays after conversion |
16 |
Share with Subtitles |
Share video with subtitles |
Subtitles display correctly |
17 |
Share with Metadata |
Share media with metadata |
Metadata displays on renderer |
18 |
Share Album Art |
Share audio with album art |
Art displays on renderer |
19 |
Share with Access Control |
Restrict access to certain devices |
Only allowed devices access media |
20 |
Share with Password |
Use password protection |
Only authenticated devices access |
21 |
Share with Guest Device |
Share to guest device |
Guest can access shared media |
22 |
Share with Device Rename |
Rename shared device |
New name appears on network |
23 |
Share After Reboot |
Reboot server |
Shared media still accessible |
24 |
Share After Network Change |
Change network |
Media sharing resumes |
25 |
Share with Firewall Enabled |
Enable firewall |
Media sharing still works |
26 |
Share with VPN |
Use VPN connection |
Media sharing works securely |
27 |
Share with IPv6 |
Use IPv6 network |
Media sharing functions |
28 |
Share with IPv4 |
Use IPv4 network |
Media sharing functions |
29 |
Share with DLNA Certified Device |
Use certified renderer |
Full compatibility ensured |
30 |
Share with Non-Certified Device |
Use non-certified renderer |
Limited or no functionality |
31 |
Share with Sleep Mode |
Renderer in sleep mode |
Media resumes after wake |
32 |
Share with Power Loss |
Power off server |
Sharing resumes after reboot |
33 |
Share with Network Congestion |
Simulate slow network |
Media buffers or adapts |
34 |
Share with Media Update |
Add new file to shared folder |
File appears on renderer |
35 |
Share with Media Deletion |
Delete shared file |
File no longer accessible |
36 |
Share with Media Rename |
Rename shared file |
New name appears on renderer |
37 |
Share with Format Change |
Change file format |
Renderer adapts or fails gracefully |
38 |
Share with File Corruption |
Share corrupted file |
Renderer shows error |
39 |
Share with Unsupported Format |
Share unsupported file |
Renderer shows error or skips |
40 |
Share with DLNA Logging |
Enable logs |
Sharing activity logged |
41 |
Share with DLNA Events |
Trigger sharing events |
Events logged and handled |
42 |
Share with DLNA Controller |
Use controller to initiate share |
Media plays on target device |
43 |
Share with Scheduled Access |
Set time-based sharing |
Media available during set time |
44 |
Share with Parental Controls |
Restrict content by rating |
Restricted content hidden |
45 |
Share with Media Sorting |
Sort shared media |
Renderer displays sorted list |
46 |
Share with Media Filtering |
Filter by type/genre |
Filtered list shown |
47 |
Share with Device Timeout |
Renderer times out |
Sharing session ends gracefully |
48 |
Share with Simultaneous Streams |
Stream to multiple devices |
All streams play correctly |
49 |
Share with Device Reconnection |
Renderer reconnects |
Media sharing resumes |
50 |
Share with DLNA Over Internet |
Share via remote access |
Media accessible remotely (if supported) |
Device Roles - Testcases
S.No |
Test Case |
Description |
Expected Result |
|---|---|---|---|
1 |
DMS Discovery |
Discover Digital Media Server |
Server is detected on network |
2 |
DMR Discovery |
Discover Digital Media Renderer |
Renderer is detected |
3 |
DMC Discovery |
Discover Digital Media Controller |
Controller is detected |
4 |
DMP Discovery |
Discover Digital Media Player |
Player is detected |
5 |
DMS Content Listing |
List content from DMS |
Media files are listed |
6 |
DMR Playback |
Play media on DMR |
Media plays successfully |
7 |
DMC Control |
Control playback from DMC |
DMR responds to commands |
8 |
DMP Playback |
Play media directly on DMP |
Media plays locally |
9 |
DMS to DMR Streaming |
Stream from DMS to DMR |
Media plays on renderer |
10 |
DMC to DMR Control |
DMC controls DMR playback |
Commands executed correctly |
11 |
DMC to DMS Browsing |
DMC browses DMS content |
Content is listed |
12 |
DMP to DMS Access |
DMP accesses DMS content |
Media plays on DMP |
13 |
DMR Pause/Resume |
Pause and resume from DMC |
Playback resumes correctly |
14 |
DMR Seek |
Seek to timestamp from DMC |
Playback jumps to correct time |
15 |
DMR Stop |
Stop playback from DMC |
Playback stops |
16 |
DMR Volume Control |
Adjust volume from DMC |
Volume changes on DMR |
17 |
DMR Mute/Unmute |
Mute/unmute from DMC |
Audio mutes/unmutes |
18 |
DMS Folder Navigation |
Navigate folders on DMS |
Folder structure visible |
19 |
DMS Metadata Access |
Access metadata from DMS |
Metadata displays correctly |
20 |
DMS Album Art |
Display album art from DMS |
Art appears on DMR |
21 |
DMS Format Support |
Share various formats |
Supported formats play |
22 |
DMR Format Support |
Play various formats |
Supported formats play |
23 |
DMC Multi-Device Control |
Control multiple DMRs |
All respond correctly |
24 |
DMR Busy Handling |
Send media to busy DMR |
Playback queued or rejected |
25 |
DMS Access Control |
Restrict access to DMS |
Unauthorized devices blocked |
26 |
DMR Access Control |
Restrict access to DMR |
Unauthorized control blocked |
27 |
DMC Device List |
List all DLNA devices |
All roles listed correctly |
28 |
DMS Rename |
Rename DMS device |
New name appears on network |
29 |
DMR Rename |
Rename DMR device |
New name appears on network |
30 |
DMC Rename |
Rename DMC device |
New name appears on network |
31 |
DMS Reboot |
Reboot server |
Devices reconnect automatically |
32 |
DMR Reboot |
Reboot renderer |
Playback resumes after reconnect |
33 |
DMC Reboot |
Reboot controller |
Control resumes after reconnect |
34 |
DMS Sleep Mode |
Put DMS to sleep |
Media sharing stops |
35 |
DMR Sleep Mode |
Put DMR to sleep |
Playback stops |
36 |
DMC Sleep Mode |
Put DMC to sleep |
Control session ends |
37 |
DMS Wake on LAN |
Wake DMS remotely |
Device wakes and shares media |
38 |
DMR Wake on LAN |
Wake DMR remotely |
Device wakes and plays media |
39 |
DMC Wake on LAN |
Wake DMC remotely |
Device wakes and controls |
40 |
DMS Network Change |
Change DMS IP |
Devices rediscover DMS |
41 |
DMR Network Change |
Change DMR IP |
DMC reconnects |
42 |
DMC Network Change |
Change DMC IP |
Control resumes |
43 |
DMS Firewall Enabled |
Enable firewall |
DMS still accessible |
44 |
DMR Firewall Enabled |
Enable firewall |
DMR still controllable |
45 |
DMC Firewall Enabled |
Enable firewall |
DMC still functions |
46 |
DMS with Multiple Clients |
Multiple DMPs access DMS |
All clients stream successfully |
47 |
DMR with Multiple Controllers |
Multiple DMCs control DMR |
Commands handled correctly |
48 |
DMS Content Update |
Add new media to DMS |
New content appears |
49 |
DMR Playback History |
Track playback on DMR |
History logged correctly |
50 |
DMC Playback Sync |
Sync playback across DMRs |
Media plays in sync |
Auto Discovery - Testcases
S.No |
Test Case |
Description |
Expected Result |
|---|---|---|---|
1 |
Discover DMS |
Auto-discover Digital Media Server |
DMS appears in device list |
2 |
Discover DMR |
Auto-discover Digital Media Renderer |
DMR appears in device list |
3 |
Discover DMC |
Auto-discover Digital Media Controller |
DMC appears in device list |
4 |
Discover DMP |
Auto-discover Digital Media Player |
DMP appears in device list |
5 |
Cross-Vendor Discovery |
Discover devices from different vendors |
All devices are listed |
6 |
Discovery on Wi-Fi |
Discover devices over Wi-Fi |
Devices are detected |
7 |
Discovery on Ethernet |
Discover devices over LAN |
Devices are detected |
8 |
Discovery on Mixed Network |
Discover devices on mixed Wi-Fi/LAN |
All devices are detected |
9 |
Discovery After Reboot |
Reboot device and check discovery |
Device reappears in list |
10 |
Discovery After Sleep |
Wake device from sleep |
Device reappears in list |
11 |
Discovery After Network Change |
Change network settings |
Devices rediscovered |
12 |
Discovery with Firewall Enabled |
Enable firewall |
Devices still discoverable |
13 |
Discovery with VPN |
Use VPN connection |
Devices discoverable if allowed |
14 |
Discovery with IPv4 |
Use IPv4 network |
Devices discoverable |
15 |
Discovery with IPv6 |
Use IPv6 network |
Devices discoverable |
16 |
Discovery with NAT |
Discover devices behind NAT |
Devices appear correctly |
17 |
Discovery with DHCP |
Use DHCP-assigned IPs |
Devices discoverable |
18 |
Discovery with Static IP |
Use static IPs |
Devices discoverable |
19 |
Discovery with DLNA Certified Devices |
Use certified devices |
All devices detected |
20 |
Discovery with Non-Certified Devices |
Use non-certified devices |
Limited or no discovery |
21 |
Discovery with Device Rename |
Rename device |
New name appears in list |
22 |
Discovery with Device Timeout |
Device times out |
Device disappears from list |
23 |
Discovery with Device Reconnection |
Reconnect device |
Device reappears in list |
24 |
Discovery with Multiple Devices |
Discover multiple DLNA devices |
All devices listed |
25 |
Discovery with Device Limit |
Exceed device limit |
Only allowed number listed |
26 |
Discovery with DLNA Logs |
Enable logging |
Discovery events logged |
27 |
Discovery with DLNA Events |
Trigger discovery events |
Events handled correctly |
28 |
Discovery with DLNA Controller |
Use controller to discover devices |
All roles listed |
29 |
Discovery with DLNA Server Software |
Use software DMS |
Server appears in list |
30 |
Discovery with DLNA Renderer Software |
Use software DMR |
Renderer appears in list |
31 |
Discovery with DLNA Mobile App |
Use mobile app |
Devices discovered |
32 |
Discovery with Smart TV |
Discover Smart TV |
TV appears in list |
33 |
Discovery with Game Console |
Discover console |
Console appears in list |
34 |
Discovery with PC |
Discover Windows/Mac/Linux PC |
PC appears in list |
35 |
Discovery with NAS |
Discover network-attached storage |
NAS appears as DMS |
36 |
Discovery with Media Update |
Add media to DMS |
DMS rediscovered with new content |
37 |
Discovery with Device Reboot Loop |
Reboot device repeatedly |
Device consistently rediscovered |
38 |
Discovery with Network Congestion |
Simulate slow network |
Discovery may be delayed |
39 |
Discovery with Duplicate Devices |
Same device listed twice |
Only one entry shown |
40 |
Discovery with Device Conflict |
IP conflict between devices |
Discovery resolves conflict |
41 |
Discovery with Device Isolation |
Isolate device on subnet |
Device not discovered |
42 |
Discovery with Broadcast Suppression |
Suppress broadcast packets |
Devices not discovered |
43 |
Discovery with Multicast Enabled |
Enable multicast |
Devices discovered correctly |
44 |
Discovery with Multicast Disabled |
Disable multicast |
Devices not discovered |
45 |
Discovery with DLNA Version Mismatch |
Use different DLNA versions |
Devices still discoverable |
46 |
Discovery with DLNA Profile Matching |
Match device profiles |
Correct roles listed |
47 |
Discovery with Device Role Change |
Change device role |
New role appears in list |
48 |
Discovery with Scheduled Availability |
Device available at set time |
Device appears during schedule |
49 |
Discovery with Remote Access |
Discover device remotely |
Device appears if supported |
50 |
Discovery with DLNA Over Internet |
Discover via internet |
Device appears if configured correctly |
Streaming Support - Testcases
S.No |
Test Case |
Description |
Expected Result |
|---|---|---|---|
1 |
Stream Audio File |
Stream MP3 from DMS to DMR |
Audio plays without interruption |
2 |
Stream Video File |
Stream MP4 from DMS to DMR |
Video plays smoothly |
3 |
Stream Image File |
Stream JPEG to DMR |
Image displays correctly |
4 |
Stream HD Video |
Stream 1080p video |
Playback is smooth and clear |
5 |
Stream 4K Video |
Stream 4K content |
Playback is smooth if supported |
6 |
Stream with Subtitles |
Stream video with subtitles |
Subtitles display correctly |
7 |
Stream with Metadata |
Stream with title, artist info |
Metadata displays on DMR |
8 |
Stream with Album Art |
Stream audio with album art |
Art displays on screen |
9 |
Stream with Pause/Resume |
Pause and resume stream |
Playback resumes correctly |
10 |
Stream with Seek |
Seek to a specific time |
Playback jumps to correct point |
11 |
Stream with Stop |
Stop stream from controller |
Playback stops immediately |
12 |
Stream with Volume Control |
Adjust volume during stream |
Volume changes on DMR |
13 |
Stream with Mute |
Mute audio during stream |
Audio mutes successfully |
14 |
Stream Playlist |
Stream a playlist of files |
Files play in sequence |
15 |
Stream to Multiple Devices |
Stream to multiple DMRs |
All devices play correctly |
16 |
Stream Over Wi-Fi |
Stream using wireless network |
Playback is smooth |
17 |
Stream Over Ethernet |
Stream using wired network |
Playback is stable |
18 |
Stream Over Mixed Network |
Wi-Fi and LAN devices |
Streaming works across both |
19 |
Stream After Network Change |
Change network during stream |
Stream resumes or reconnects |
20 |
Stream After Reboot |
Reboot DMS or DMR |
Stream resumes after reconnect |
21 |
Stream After Sleep |
Wake device from sleep |
Stream resumes or reconnects |
22 |
Stream with Format Conversion |
Transcode unsupported format |
Playback works after conversion |
23 |
Stream Unsupported Format |
Try unsupported file |
Error shown or skipped |
24 |
Stream with Network Congestion |
Simulate slow network |
Playback adapts or buffers |
25 |
Stream with High Bitrate |
Stream high bitrate video |
Playback is smooth if supported |
26 |
Stream with Low Bitrate |
Stream low bitrate video |
Playback is smooth |
27 |
Stream with Audio Sync |
Check audio-video sync |
Sync is maintained |
28 |
Stream with Frame Drops |
Simulate frame loss |
Playback continues with minimal impact |
29 |
Stream with Buffering |
Simulate buffering |
Playback resumes after buffer |
30 |
Stream with DLNA Certified Devices |
Use certified DMS and DMR |
Streaming works flawlessly |
31 |
Stream with Non-Certified Devices |
Use non-certified devices |
Limited or no streaming |
32 |
Stream with Mobile App |
Use DLNA app to stream |
Media plays on target device |
33 |
Stream with Smart TV |
Stream to Smart TV |
TV plays media correctly |
34 |
Stream with Game Console |
Stream to console |
Console plays media |
35 |
Stream with PC |
Stream to/from PC |
Media plays correctly |
36 |
Stream with NAS |
Stream from NAS |
Media plays on DMR |
37 |
Stream with DLNA Controller |
Use DMC to initiate stream |
DMR plays selected media |
38 |
Stream with DLNA Logs |
Enable logging |
Streaming activity is logged |
39 |
Stream with DLNA Events |
Trigger playback events |
Events handled correctly |
40 |
Stream with Device Rename |
Rename DMS or DMR |
Name appears during stream |
41 |
Stream with Device Timeout |
DMR times out |
Stream stops gracefully |
42 |
Stream with Device Reconnection |
Reconnect DMR |
Stream resumes or restarts |
43 |
Stream with Firewall Enabled |
Enable firewall |
Streaming still works |
44 |
Stream with VPN |
Use VPN connection |
Streaming works if allowed |
45 |
Stream with IPv4 |
Use IPv4 network |
Streaming works |
46 |
Stream with IPv6 |
Use IPv6 network |
Streaming works |
47 |
Stream with NAT |
Stream across NAT |
Streaming works if configured |
48 |
Stream with Access Control |
Restrict DMR access |
Unauthorized devices blocked |
49 |
Stream with Parental Control |
Restrict content by rating |
Blocked content not streamed |
50 |
Stream with DLNA Over Internet |
Stream remotely |
Streaming works if supported |
Format Compatibility - Testcases
S.No |
Test Case |
Description |
Expected Result |
|---|---|---|---|
1 |
Play MP3 Audio |
Stream MP3 file |
Audio plays successfully |
2 |
Play AAC Audio |
Stream AAC file |
Audio plays successfully |
3 |
Play WAV Audio |
Stream WAV file |
Audio plays successfully |
4 |
Play FLAC Audio |
Stream FLAC file |
Audio plays if supported |
5 |
Play MP4 Video |
Stream MP4 file |
Video plays successfully |
6 |
Play AVI Video |
Stream AVI file |
Video plays if supported |
7 |
Play MKV Video |
Stream MKV file |
Video plays if supported |
8 |
Play WMV Video |
Stream WMV file |
Video plays if supported |
9 |
Play MOV Video |
Stream MOV file |
Video plays if supported |
10 |
Play JPEG Image |
Display JPEG image |
Image displays correctly |
11 |
Play PNG Image |
Display PNG image |
Image displays correctly |
12 |
Play BMP Image |
Display BMP image |
Image displays correctly |
13 |
Play GIF Image |
Display GIF image |
Image displays correctly |
14 |
Unsupported Audio Format |
Try OGG file |
Error or no playback |
15 |
Unsupported Video Format |
Try WEBM file |
Error or no playback |
16 |
Unsupported Image Format |
Try TIFF file |
Error or no display |
17 |
High Bitrate MP4 |
Stream high bitrate MP4 |
Playback smooth if supported |
18 |
Low Bitrate MP4 |
Stream low bitrate MP4 |
Playback smooth |
19 |
1080p MP4 Video |
Stream Full HD video |
Playback smooth |
20 |
4K MP4 Video |
Stream 4K video |
Playback smooth if supported |
21 |
360p MP4 Video |
Stream low-res video |
Playback smooth |
22 |
Audio with Metadata |
Stream MP3 with ID3 tags |
Metadata displays correctly |
23 |
Video with Subtitles |
Stream MP4 with subtitles |
Subtitles display correctly |
24 |
Video with Multiple Audio Tracks |
Stream MKV with multiple tracks |
Track selection available |
25 |
Video with Surround Sound |
Stream 5.1 audio |
Surround sound plays if supported |
26 |
Video with Stereo Audio |
Stream stereo audio |
Audio plays correctly |
27 |
Image with EXIF Data |
Display JPEG with metadata |
Metadata accessible |
28 |
Corrupted MP4 File |
Try corrupted file |
Playback fails gracefully |
29 |
Corrupted MP3 File |
Try corrupted audio |
Playback fails gracefully |
30 |
Large MP4 File |
Stream large video file |
Playback smooth if supported |
31 |
Small MP3 File |
Stream short audio clip |
Playback smooth |
32 |
DRM-Protected MP4 |
Stream DRM content |
Playback only if DRM supported |
33 |
DRM-Free MP4 |
Stream non-DRM content |
Playback successful |
34 |
Transcoded MP4 |
Stream transcoded file |
Playback successful |
35 |
Transcoded MP3 |
Stream transcoded audio |
Playback successful |
36 |
Audio Format Switch |
Switch from MP3 to AAC |
Playback continues |
37 |
Video Format Switch |
Switch from MP4 to MKV |
Playback continues if supported |
38 |
Image Format Switch |
Switch from JPEG to PNG |
Image displays correctly |
39 |
Playlist with Mixed Formats |
Play M3U with MP3 and AAC |
All tracks play correctly |
40 |
Playlist with Unsupported Format |
Include OGG in playlist |
Unsupported file skipped |
41 |
Format Detection |
Detect file format automatically |
Correct format identified |
42 |
Format Mismatch |
Rename .mp4 to .avi |
Playback fails or errors |
43 |
Format with Incorrect Codec |
Use unsupported codec in MP4 |
Playback fails |
44 |
Format with Supported Codec |
Use H.264 in MP4 |
Playback successful |
45 |
Format with Unsupported Resolution |
Use 8K video |
Playback fails or buffers |
46 |
Format with Supported Resolution |
Use 720p video |
Playback smooth |
47 |
Format with High Frame Rate |
Use 60fps video |
Playback smooth if supported |
48 |
Format with Low Frame Rate |
Use 15fps video |
Playback smooth |
49 |
Format with Variable Bitrate |
Use VBR MP3 |
Playback smooth |
50 |
Format with Constant Bitrate |
Use CBR MP3 |
Playback smooth |
Remote Control - Testcases
S.No |
Test Case |
Description |
Expected Result |
|---|---|---|---|
1 |
Discover DMR |
Controller detects renderer |
DMR appears in device list |
2 |
Connect to DMR |
Establish control session |
Connection successful |
3 |
Play Command |
Send play command |
Media starts playing |
4 |
Pause Command |
Send pause command |
Playback pauses |
5 |
Stop Command |
Send stop command |
Playback stops |
6 |
Seek Command |
Seek to specific time |
Playback jumps to correct point |
7 |
Volume Up |
Increase volume |
Volume increases |
8 |
Volume Down |
Decrease volume |
Volume decreases |
9 |
Mute Audio |
Mute playback |
Audio mutes |
10 |
Unmute Audio |
Unmute playback |
Audio resumes |
11 |
Next Track |
Skip to next item |
Next media plays |
12 |
Previous Track |
Go to previous item |
Previous media plays |
13 |
Display Metadata |
Show media info |
Metadata displays correctly |
14 |
Display Album Art |
Show album art |
Art displays on renderer |
15 |
Control Playlist |
Navigate playlist |
Playlist responds to commands |
16 |
Control Multiple DMRs |
Control more than one renderer |
All respond correctly |
17 |
Control After Reboot |
Reboot controller |
Control resumes after reconnect |
18 |
Control After Sleep |
Wake controller |
Control resumes |
19 |
Control After Network Change |
Change network |
Control session re-established |
20 |
Control with Mobile App |
Use mobile controller |
Commands work correctly |
21 |
Control with PC |
Use PC as controller |
Commands work correctly |
22 |
Control with Smart TV |
Use TV as controller |
Commands work correctly |
23 |
Control with Game Console |
Use console as controller |
Commands work correctly |
24 |
Control with Touch Interface |
Use touchscreen |
Commands respond instantly |
25 |
Control with Voice |
Use voice assistant |
Commands executed correctly |
26 |
Control with Remote |
Use physical remote |
Commands executed correctly |
27 |
Control with DLNA App |
Use certified app |
Full control supported |
28 |
Control with Non-Certified App |
Use third-party app |
Limited or no control |
29 |
Control with Firewall Enabled |
Enable firewall |
Control still works |
30 |
Control with VPN |
Use VPN connection |
Control works if allowed |
31 |
Control with IPv4 |
Use IPv4 network |
Control works |
32 |
Control with IPv6 |
Use IPv6 network |
Control works |
33 |
Control with NAT |
Use NAT environment |
Control works if configured |
34 |
Control with Access Control |
Restrict controller access |
Unauthorized control blocked |
35 |
Control with Device Rename |
Rename controller |
New name appears on network |
36 |
Control with Device Timeout |
Controller times out |
Session ends gracefully |
37 |
Control with Device Reconnection |
Reconnect controller |
Session resumes |
38 |
Control with DLNA Logs |
Enable logging |
Control actions logged |
39 |
Control with DLNA Events |
Trigger control events |
Events handled correctly |
40 |
Control with Media Update |
Add new media |
Controller sees updated list |
41 |
Control with Format Change |
Change media format |
Controller adapts or errors |
42 |
Control with Unsupported Format |
Try unsupported file |
Error shown or skipped |
43 |
Control with High Bitrate |
Stream high bitrate media |
Control remains responsive |
44 |
Control with Low Bandwidth |
Simulate slow network |
Control remains functional |
45 |
Control with Multiple Users |
Multiple controllers active |
Commands handled correctly |
46 |
Control with Playback Sync |
Sync playback across devices |
Media plays in sync |
47 |
Control with Device Role Change |
Change DMR to DMS |
Controller adapts to new role |
48 |
Control with Scheduled Access |
Set control time window |
Control allowed during schedule |
49 |
Control with Remote Access |
Control over internet |
Works if supported |
50 |
Control with DLNA Certified Devices |
Use certified controller and renderer |
Full functionality supported |
Content Protection - Testcases
S.No |
Test Case |
Description |
Expected Result |
|---|---|---|---|
1 |
Protected Content Playback |
Play DRM-protected content |
Playback allowed if device supports DRM |
2 |
Unprotected Content Playback |
Play non-DRM content |
Playback allowed on all devices |
3 |
Unauthorized Device Access |
Try to play protected content on unauthorized device |
Playback denied |
4 |
Authorized Device Access |
Play protected content on authorized device |
Playback successful |
5 |
Content Encryption |
Stream encrypted content |
Content decrypts and plays |
6 |
Content Decryption |
Decrypt protected stream |
Decryption successful |
7 |
License Acquisition |
Request license for protected content |
License granted |
8 |
License Expiry |
License expires during playback |
Playback stops |
9 |
License Renewal |
Renew expired license |
Playback resumes |
10 |
License Revocation |
Revoke license remotely |
Playback stops immediately |
11 |
Device Binding |
License tied to specific device |
Playback fails on other devices |
12 |
Region Restriction |
Play content outside allowed region |
Playback denied |
13 |
Time-Based Restriction |
Play content outside allowed time |
Playback denied |
14 |
Concurrent Stream Limit |
Exceed allowed streams |
Additional streams blocked |
15 |
Secure Key Exchange |
Exchange encryption keys |
Keys exchanged securely |
16 |
Tamper Detection |
Modify protected file |
Playback fails |
17 |
Secure Storage |
Store license securely |
License not accessible to user |
18 |
Secure Streaming |
Stream over encrypted channel |
Stream protected end-to-end |
19 |
Screen Recording Prevention |
Attempt screen capture |
Recording blocked |
20 |
Output Protection |
Play on non-HDCP display |
Playback denied or downgraded |
21 |
HDCP Enforcement |
Enforce HDCP on HDMI |
Playback allowed only on compliant displays |
22 |
Protected Audio Output |
Route audio to secure output |
Audio plays securely |
23 |
Protected Video Output |
Route video to secure output |
Video plays securely |
24 |
Content Watermarking |
Embed watermark in stream |
Watermark visible or detectable |
25 |
Playback Logging |
Log protected content playback |
Logs generated securely |
26 |
DRM Format Support |
Support for PlayReady, Widevine, etc. |
Correct DRM used |
27 |
DRM Profile Matching |
Match content to supported DRM |
Compatible DRM selected |
28 |
DRM Error Handling |
Simulate license error |
Error handled gracefully |
29 |
DRM Retry Mechanism |
Retry license request |
License acquired on retry |
30 |
DRM with Adaptive Bitrate |
Switch bitrates during playback |
DRM keys valid across bitrates |
31 |
DRM with Subtitles |
Play protected video with subtitles |
Subtitles display correctly |
32 |
DRM with Audio Tracks |
Switch audio tracks |
DRM keys apply to all tracks |
33 |
DRM with Live Streaming |
Play live protected stream |
Playback works in real-time |
34 |
DRM with VOD |
Play protected on-demand content |
Playback successful |
35 |
DRM with Downloaded Content |
Play offline content |
License validated locally |
36 |
DRM with Casting |
Cast protected content |
Playback allowed if supported |
37 |
DRM with Mirroring |
Mirror protected content |
Playback blocked or downgraded |
38 |
DRM with Mobile App |
Play protected content in app |
DRM license validated |
39 |
DRM with Smart TV |
Play protected content on TV |
DRM license validated |
40 |
DRM with Game Console |
Play protected content on console |
DRM license validated |
41 |
DRM with Browser |
Play protected content in browser |
EME used for license handling |
42 |
DRM with OS Update |
Update OS during playback |
DRM functionality remains intact |
43 |
DRM with App Update |
Update app during playback |
DRM session remains valid |
44 |
DRM with Network Change |
Switch networks during playback |
DRM session persists |
45 |
DRM with Time Manipulation |
Change system time |
Playback blocked if time invalid |
46 |
DRM with VPN |
Use VPN to change region |
Playback blocked if region-restricted |
47 |
DRM with Analytics |
Track DRM playback events |
Analytics reflect DRM usage |
48 |
DRM with Multi-Device Sync |
Switch devices mid-playback |
Playback resumes if license allows |
49 |
DRM with Device Limit |
Exceed device limit |
New device denied access |
50 |
DRM Compliance Check |
Validate device DRM compliance |
Device passes compliance test |
Network Agnostic - Testcases
S.No |
Test Case |
Description |
Expected Result |
|---|---|---|---|
1 |
Wi-Fi Streaming |
Stream media over Wi-Fi |
Playback is smooth |
2 |
Ethernet Streaming |
Stream media over Ethernet |
Playback is smooth |
3 |
Mixed Network Streaming |
DMS on Ethernet, DMR on Wi-Fi |
Devices communicate successfully |
4 |
Switch from Wi-Fi to Ethernet |
Change network type during playback |
Playback continues without interruption |
5 |
Switch from Ethernet to Wi-Fi |
Change network type during playback |
Playback continues without interruption |
6 |
Mobile Hotspot Streaming |
Use mobile hotspot for DLNA |
Devices discover and stream successfully |
7 |
Guest Network Streaming |
Use guest Wi-Fi network |
Devices discover and stream if allowed |
8 |
VPN Network Streaming |
Use VPN connection |
Devices discover and stream if routing allows |
9 |
IPv4 Network Support |
Use IPv4-only network |
DLNA devices function correctly |
10 |
IPv6 Network Support |
Use IPv6-only network |
DLNA devices function correctly |
11 |
Dual Stack Network |
Use both IPv4 and IPv6 |
Devices discover and stream successfully |
12 |
NAT Traversal |
Devices behind NAT |
Devices discover and stream successfully |
13 |
Subnet Discovery |
Devices on different subnets |
Devices discover each other if routing allows |
14 |
Network Roaming |
Move device between access points |
Streaming continues without drop |
15 |
Network Congestion |
Simulate high traffic |
Playback adapts or buffers gracefully |
16 |
Network Recovery |
Disconnect and reconnect network |
Playback resumes automatically |
17 |
Network Failover |
Switch to backup network |
Playback continues with minimal delay |
18 |
Firewall Enabled |
Enable firewall on one device |
DLNA still functions if ports are open |
19 |
Port Blocking |
Block DLNA ports |
Devices fail to discover each other |
20 |
Multicast Enabled |
Enable multicast |
Devices discover each other |
21 |
Multicast Disabled |
Disable multicast |
Devices fail to discover each other |
22 |
Broadcast Enabled |
Enable broadcast |
Devices discover each other |
23 |
Broadcast Disabled |
Disable broadcast |
Devices fail to discover each other |
24 |
VLAN Support |
Devices on different VLANs |
Devices discover and stream if routing is allowed |
25 |
QoS Enabled |
Enable Quality of Service |
Streaming prioritized and smooth |
26 |
Network Isolation |
Isolate devices |
Devices cannot discover each other |
27 |
Proxy Network |
Use proxy server |
DLNA may not function properly |
28 |
Cloud-Backed DLNA |
Use cloud-based DLNA server |
Streaming works if supported |
29 |
DLNA Over Internet |
Stream over public IP |
Streaming works if configured |
30 |
DLNA Over Mesh Network |
Use mesh Wi-Fi |
Devices discover and stream successfully |
31 |
DLNA Over Powerline |
Use powerline adapters |
Devices discover and stream successfully |
32 |
DLNA Over Satellite |
Use satellite internet |
Streaming works with latency considerations |
33 |
DLNA Over 5G |
Use 5G mobile network |
Streaming works smoothly |
34 |
DLNA Over 4G |
Use 4G mobile network |
Streaming works with possible buffering |
35 |
DLNA Over 3G |
Use 3G mobile network |
Streaming may buffer or fail |
36 |
DLNA Over Public Wi-Fi |
Use public hotspot |
Devices discover and stream if allowed |
37 |
DLNA Over Corporate Network |
Use enterprise network |
Streaming works if DLNA traffic allowed |
38 |
DLNA Over Home Network |
Use home router |
Devices discover and stream successfully |
39 |
DLNA Over IoT Network |
Use IoT-enabled router |
Devices discover and stream successfully |
40 |
DLNA Over VPN Tunnel |
Use site-to-site VPN |
Devices discover and stream if routed |
41 |
DLNA Over Mobile Tethering |
Use phone as hotspot |
Devices discover and stream successfully |
42 |
DLNA Over Wi-Fi 6 |
Use Wi-Fi 6 router |
Streaming is fast and stable |
43 |
DLNA Over Wi-Fi 5 |
Use Wi-Fi 5 router |
Streaming is stable |
44 |
DLNA Over Wi-Fi 4 |
Use Wi-Fi 4 router |
Streaming may buffer under load |
45 |
DLNA Over DSL |
Use DSL connection |
Streaming works with moderate quality |
46 |
DLNA Over Fiber |
Use fiber internet |
Streaming is fast and stable |
47 |
DLNA Over Cable |
Use cable internet |
Streaming is stable |
48 |
DLNA Over LTE Router |
Use LTE router |
Streaming works with possible latency |
49 |
DLNA Over Satellite Router |
Use satellite router |
Streaming may buffer due to latency |
50 |
DLNA Over Mixed ISP Network |
Use different ISPs for devices |
Streaming works if routing allows |
Low Configuration - Testcases
S.No |
Test Case |
Description |
Expected Result |
|---|---|---|---|
1 |
DLNA Setup on Low-End Device |
Install DLNA on low-spec device |
Installation successful |
2 |
DLNA Discovery on Low RAM |
Discover devices with 512MB RAM |
Devices discovered successfully |
3 |
DLNA Streaming on Low CPU |
Stream media with single-core CPU |
Playback is smooth |
4 |
DLNA on Low Storage |
Run DLNA with <1GB storage |
DLNA functions with minimal footprint |
5 |
DLNA on Embedded OS |
Run DLNA on lightweight OS |
DLNA services start correctly |
6 |
DLNA on Legacy Android |
Use DLNA on Android 5.0 |
Devices discover and stream |
7 |
DLNA on Legacy Windows |
Use DLNA on Windows 7 |
Devices discover and stream |
8 |
DLNA on Raspberry Pi |
Run DLNA server on Pi |
Streaming works correctly |
9 |
DLNA on IoT Device |
Use DLNA on smart appliance |
Device discoverable and streamable |
10 |
DLNA on Low Bandwidth |
Stream on 1 Mbps connection |
Playback adapts or buffers |
11 |
DLNA with Minimal UI |
Use DLNA with basic interface |
All core functions accessible |
12 |
DLNA with CLI |
Run DLNA via command line |
DLNA services operate correctly |
13 |
DLNA with Basic Media Formats |
Use MP3 and MP4 only |
Media plays successfully |
14 |
DLNA with No Transcoding |
Stream without transcoding |
Playback works for supported formats |
15 |
DLNA with Basic Logging |
Enable minimal logs |
Logs generated correctly |
16 |
DLNA with No GUI |
Run DLNA headless |
DLNA functions correctly |
17 |
DLNA with Lightweight Player |
Use basic media player |
Streaming works correctly |
18 |
DLNA with Minimal Dependencies |
Install with few packages |
DLNA operates correctly |
19 |
DLNA with Basic Network Stack |
Use simple TCP/IP stack |
Devices discover and stream |
20 |
DLNA with Low Power Mode |
Run DLNA in power-saving mode |
Streaming continues |
21 |
DLNA with Basic Firewall Rules |
Allow only essential ports |
DLNA functions correctly |
22 |
DLNA with Basic Security |
Use simple access control |
Unauthorized access blocked |
23 |
DLNA with Basic File System |
Use FAT32 or ext2 |
Media accessible and streamable |
24 |
DLNA with Limited Media Library |
Share 10 files only |
All files stream correctly |
25 |
DLNA with Basic Device Role |
Act as DMS only |
Server shares media successfully |
26 |
DLNA with Basic Discovery Protocol |
Use SSDP only |
Devices discover each other |
27 |
DLNA with Basic Streaming Protocol |
Use HTTP only |
Streaming works correctly |
28 |
DLNA with Basic Configuration File |
Use minimal config |
DLNA starts and runs |
29 |
DLNA with No Remote Control |
Disable DMC role |
DMS and DMR still function |
30 |
DLNA with Basic Update Mechanism |
Manual updates only |
DLNA remains functional |
31 |
DLNA with Basic Error Handling |
Handle common errors |
Errors logged and managed |
32 |
DLNA with Basic Device Naming |
Use default names |
Devices discoverable |
33 |
DLNA with Basic Media Sorting |
Sort by name only |
Sorting works correctly |
34 |
DLNA with Basic Media Filtering |
Filter by type only |
Filtering works correctly |
35 |
DLNA with Basic Playback Control |
Play/pause only |
Controls respond correctly |
36 |
DLNA with Basic Volume Control |
Adjust volume only |
Volume changes correctly |
37 |
DLNA with Basic Seek Function |
Seek within file |
Seek works correctly |
38 |
DLNA with Basic Playlist Support |
Play simple playlist |
Playlist streams correctly |
39 |
DLNA with Basic Subtitle Support |
Display hardcoded subtitles |
Subtitles visible |
40 |
DLNA with Basic Metadata |
Show title only |
Metadata displays correctly |
41 |
DLNA with Basic Album Art |
Show embedded art only |
Art displays correctly |
42 |
DLNA with Basic Device Limit |
Support 2 devices only |
Both devices stream correctly |
43 |
DLNA with Basic Network Configuration |
Use DHCP only |
Devices discoverable |
44 |
DLNA with Basic Port Configuration |
Use default ports |
DLNA services run correctly |
45 |
DLNA with Basic Logging Level |
Log errors only |
Logs generated correctly |
46 |
DLNA with Basic Compatibility |
Support MP3/MP4 only |
Media plays correctly |
47 |
DLNA with Basic Access Control |
Allow/block by IP |
Access managed correctly |
48 |
DLNA with Basic Restart Handling |
Restart device |
DLNA resumes correctly |
49 |
DLNA with Basic Device Reconnection |
Reconnect device |
DLNA resumes streaming |
50 |
DLNA with Basic Resource Monitoring |
Monitor CPU/RAM usage |
Usage remains within limits |
Reference links